天蝎座X-1的X射线光谱和时间行为。分支张开期间的光谱硬化
X-ray spectral and timing behavior of Scorpius X-1. Spectral hardening during the flaring branch
摘要：
本文分析了1996 - 2002年期间用RXTE观测到的Z源Sco~X-1在水平分支（HB）和耀斑分支（FB）之间的演化过程中的X射线发射的光谱和时间特性。我们发现，宽带（3 - 250千电子伏）的能谱在所有的光谱状态可以充分再现的模型，由两个康普顿化组件和一个铁线。我们认为来自盘的kTs 1 ~0.7 keV和来自中子星（NS）的kTs 2 ~1.8 keV的种子光子分别被“康普顿云”（这里分别是Comptb 1和Comptb 2分量，它们与相似的下标参数相关联）的热电子上散射。光子幂律指数Gamma_{2}对所有光谱态几乎是常数（Gamma_{2} ~2）。反过来，Gamma_{1}证明了具有光谱状态的两相行为：当源跟踪FB时，Gamma_{1}在水平Gamma_{1} ~2处是准恒定的，并且Gamma_{1}小于2，即在1.3<γ_1 <2的范围内。我们还检测到FB期间kT_{s2}从1.8 keV降低到0.7 keV。我们解释这一明显的准稳定性的指数在HB-NB的框架内的模型，其中的频谱是由康普顿热分量。对Z源Sco~X-1的康普顿化光谱分量所建立的这一理论与以前在环礁源4U~1728-34、GX~3+1和4U~1820-30以及Z源GX~340+0的所有光谱状态所建立的理论相似。然而，我们解释的折射率降低阶段检测到的FB在Sco~X-1的框架内的一个模型，其中在FB的光谱是由高辐射压力从NS表面。
英文摘要：
We present an analysis of the spectral and timing properties of X-ray emission from the Z-source Sco~X-1 during its evolution between the Horizontal (HB) and Flaring(FB) branches observed with the RXTE during the 1996 -- 2002 period. We find that the broad-band (3 - 250 keV) energy spectra during all spectral states can be adequately reproduced by a model, consisting of two Comptonized components and an iron-line. We suggest that the seed photons of kT_s1~0.7 keV coming from the disk and of temperature kT_s2~1.8 keV coming from the neutron star (NS) are each upscattered by hot electrons of a "Compton cloud" (herein Comptb1 and Comptb2 components respectively with which are associated similarly subscripted parameters). The photon power-law index Gamma_{2} is almost constant (Gamma_{2}~2) for all spectral states. In turn, Gamma_{1} demonstrates a two-phase behavior with the spectral state: Gamma_{1} is quasi-constant at the level Gamma_{1}~2 for the HB-NB and Gamma_{1} is less than 2, namely in the range of 1.3<Gamma_1<2, when source traces the FB. We also detect a decrease kT_{s2} from 1.8 keV to 0.7 keV during the FB. We interpret this apparent quasi-stability of the indices during the HB-NB in the framework of the model in which the spectrum is determined by the Comptonized thermal components. This established for the Comptonized spectral components of the Z-source Sco~X-1 is similar to that was previously found in the atoll sources 4U~1728-34, GX~3+1 and 4U~1820-30 and the Z-source GX~340+0 through all spectral states. However we interpret the index reduction phase detected during the FB in Sco~X-1 within the framework of a model in which the spectrum at the FB is determined by high radiation pressure from the NS surface.
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