NGC 4414的HALOGAS观测：喷泉、相互作用和冲压压力
HALOGAS observations of NGC 4414: fountains, interaction, and ram pressure
摘要：
我们目前的深HI成像附近的螺旋星系NGC 4414，采取的Westerbork HALOGAS（氢吸积在LOCAL GALAXIES）调查的一部分。观测结果表明，NGC 4414的特征是有一个规则旋转的内部HI盘和一个更受干扰的外部盘。运动学建模表明，外盘是最好的U形翘曲描述。深层光学成像还揭示了低表面亮度恒星壳的存在，表明在过去的某个阶段与矮星系发生了轻微的相互作用。对内盘的模拟表明，大约4%的内部HI是平面外气体的形式。由于外盘的扰动性质，这个数字很难对整个星系进行限制。这些对NGC 4414的新的深层观测表明，即使是表面上不受干扰的星系也在与它们的环境相互作用。
英文摘要：
We present deep HI imaging of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4414, taken as part of the Westerbork HALOGAS (Hydrogen Accretion in LOcal GAlaxieS) survey. The observations show that NGC 4414 can be characterized by a regularly rotating inner HI disk, and a more disturbed outer disk. Modeling of the kinematics shows that the outer disk is best described by a U-shaped warp. Deep optical imaging also reveals the presence of a low surface brightness stellar shell, indicating a minor interaction with a dwarf galaxy at some stage in the past. Modeling of the inner disk suggests that about 4 percent of the inner HI is in the form of extra-planar gas. Because of the the disturbed nature of the outer disk, this number is difficult to constrain for the galaxy as a whole. These new, deep observations of NGC 4414 presented here show that even apparently undisturbed galaxies are interacting with their environment.
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