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arXiv 1404.7345physics.optics
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超高效光制冷技术

Optical Refrigeration for Ultra-Efficient Photovoltaics

Assaf Manor, Leopoldo L. Martin, Carmel Rotschild

摘要:

提高太阳能到电能的转换效率对人类来说至关重要。对于单结光伏太阳能电池,Shockley-Queisser热力学效率极限主要是由于热耗散,固有地伴随着电化学势产生的量子过程。已经提出了诸如太阳能热光子学和热光子学的概念来利用这种浪费的热量,但是由于在高温下操作的挑战,超过Shockley-Queisser极限的效率尚未得到证明。在这里,我们提出了一个高效的转换器的基础上吸热的光致发光,在相对较低的温度下工作。低能带隙吸收体的热致蓝移光致发光耦合到高能带隙光伏电池。高吸收体的光电流和高电池电压导致69%的最大理论转换效率。我们的实验表明,10倍的热增强的有用辐射的高带隙电池和107%的平均光子能量增强。这为在光化学领域引入颠覆性创新铺平了道路。

英文摘要:

Improving the conversion efficiency of solar energy to electricity is most important to mankind. For single-junction photovoltaic solar-cells, the Shockley-Queisser thermodynamic efficiency limit is extensively due to the heat dissipation, inherently accompanying the quantum process of electro-chemical potential generation. Concepts such as solar thermo-photovoltaics and thermo-photonics, have been suggested to harness this wasted heat, yet efficiencies exceeding the Shockley-Queisser limit have not been demonstrated due to the challenge of operating at high temperatures. Here, we present a highly efficient converter based on endothermic photoluminescence, which operates at relative low temperatures. The thermally induced blue-shifted photoluminescence of a low-bandgap absorber is coupled to a high-bandgap photovoltaic cell. The high absorber's photo-current and the high cell's voltage results in 69% maximal theoretical conversion efficiencies. We experimentally demonstrate tenfold thermal-enhancement of useful radiation for the high-bandgap cell and 107% enhancement in average photon energy. This paves the way for introducing disruptive-innovation in photovoltaics.

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