同质性与社会动员的速度：后天特质与归属特质的影响
Homophily and the Speed of Social Mobilization: The Effect of Acquired and Ascribed Traits
摘要：
在社会中，个人跨社交网络的大规模动员正变得越来越普遍。然而，人们对影响社会动员速度的因素知之甚少。在这里，我们使用一个框架的现场实验，以确定和测量的个人和他们的关系，预测动员速度的属性。我们举办了一场全球社会动员竞赛，记录了参与者和他们招募的人的个人特质。我们研究了归因特征（性别，年龄）和后天特征（地理和信息来源）对动员速度的影响。我们发现，同性恋倾向于与其他具有相似特征的个体互动，在社会动员中扮演着混合的角色。获得性特征表现出同质性，具有相同特征的新兵动员速度比具有不同特征的新兵动员速度快。相比之下，我们没有发现支持同质性的归因特征。相反，这些特征有其他的，非同质性的影响：女性动员其他女性比男性动员其他男性更快。年轻的招募人员动员其他人的速度更快，而年长的招募人员动员速度更慢。当新兵第一次直接从竞赛组织那里听说竞赛时，他们的动员速度也会更快，而当他们从不太私人的来源类型（例如家庭与媒体）听到时，他们的动员速度会降低。这些发现表明，社会动员包括不同于其他更被动形式的社会活动传播的动态。这些研究结果表明工程社会动员任务的相关因素，以提高速度。
英文摘要：
Large-scale mobilization of individuals across social networks is becoming increasingly prevalent in society. However, little is known about what affects the speed of social mobilization. Here we use a framed field experiment to identify and measure properties of individuals and their relationships that predict mobilization speed. We ran a global social mobilization contest and recorded personal traits of the participants and those they recruited. We studied the effects of ascribed traits (gender, age) and acquired traits (geography, and information source) on the speed of mobilization. We found that homophily, a preference for interacting with other individuals with similar traits, had a mixed role in social mobilization. Homophily was present for acquired traits, in which mobilization speed was faster when the recuiter and recruit had the same trait compared to different traits. In contrast, we did not find support for homophily for the ascribed traits. Instead, those traits had other, non-homophily effects: Females mobilized other females faster than males mobilized other males. Younger recruiters mobilized others faster, and older recruits mobilized slower. Recruits also mobilized faster when they first heard about the contest directly from the contest organization, and decreased in speed when hearing from less personal source types (e.g. family vs. media). These findings show that social mobilization includes dynamics that are unlike other, more passive forms of social activity propagation. These findings suggest relevant factors for engineering social mobilization tasks for increased speed.
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