用分段抛物势研究Q管的稳定性
Investigation of Q-tubes stability using the piecewise parabolic potential
摘要：
本文用$(3+1)$维复标量场理论分析了Q管--带电扩展体的经典稳定性。显式解解析地发现在分段抛物潜在的。我们对势的选择使我们能够构造一种强有力的稳定性研究方法。我们检查，在零绕组数$n=0$的情况下，满足先前已知的Q球的稳定性条件$\partial^2E/\partial Q^2<0$。然而，在$n\geq 1$的情况下，我们发现一个连续的家庭的不稳定性。我们的结果与第二类超导理论类似，其中具有$n>1$的涡旋变得不稳定，衰减为具有单圈数的$n$涡旋。
英文摘要：
We analyze the classical stability of Q-tubes --- charged extended objects in $(3+1)$-dimensional complex scalar field theory. Explicit solutions were found analytically in the piecewise parabolic potential. Our choice of potential allows us to construct a powerful method of stability investigation. We check that in the case of the zero winding number $n=0$, the previously known stability condition $\partial^2E/\partial Q^2<0$ for Q-balls is fulfilled. However, in the case $n\geq 1$, we find a continuous family of instabilities. Our result has an analogy with the theory of superconductivity of the second type, in which the vortex with $n>1$ becomes unstable towards the decay into the $n$ vortices with the single winding number.
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