根据NGSS对TN初中科学课程的修改
Changes to the TN Middle Grades Science Curriculum According to NGSS
摘要：
国家资源委员会（NRC）制定的K-12科学教育框架（2011年7月）借鉴了当前的科学研究和学生有效学习科学的方法。这为2013年春季发布的下一代科学标准（NGSS）奠定了基础。田纳西州是26个牵头州伙伴之一，为标准编写小组提供领导，并为各州审议通过和实施NGSS提供指导。我们建议，从目前的国家科学标准过渡到NGSS展示了广泛的共识，所有学生应该知道什么，并能够在特定的K-12年级水平，什么主题可以推迟或排除在发展准备的前提下。为了促进这项工作，STEM研究员之一Larry Bowman（作者）创作了一系列18张海报，展示了当前田纳西州科学教育标准（Huffman，2009）和NGSS（Achieve，2013）之间的相关性。本文专门针对NGSS中年级学科核心思想（DCIs）相比，现有的6-8科学标准，从田纳西州科学课程框架。一些年级水平的期望（GLEs）中年级科学已搬迁到其他年级水平，和其他人已经推出。“中间年级”一词用于10至15岁的学生，这是儿童从具体操作阶段过渡到正式操作阶段的关键年龄。（Piaget and Inhelder 2013）。
英文摘要：
The Framework for K-12 Science Education (July 2011) developed by the National Resource Council (NRC) draws on current scientific research and the ways students learn science effectively. This laid the foundation for Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) released in Spring 2013. Tennessee was one of the 26 lead state partners to provide leadership to the standards writing team and to provide guidance as states deliberate on the adoption and implementation of the NGSS. We propose that the transition from current State science standards to NGSS demonstrates a extensive consensus on what all students should know and be able to do at specific K-12 grade levels and what topics can be postponed or excluded on the premise of developmental readiness. In order to facilitate this work, one of the STEM Fellows, Larry Bowman (author), created a series of 18 posters showing correlations between the current Tennessee Science Education standards (Huffman, 2009) and NGSS (Achieve, 2013). This article specifically addresses the NGSS Middle Grades Disciplinary Core Ideas (DCIs) as compared to the existing 6-8 Science Standards from the Tennessee Science Curriculum Framework. Some Grade Level Expectations (GLEs) for Middle Grades Science have been relocated to other grade levels, and others have been introduced. The term Middle Grades is used for students 10 to 15 years of age covering the critical years when children are transitioning from concrete operational to formal operational stages. (Piaget and Inhelder 2013).
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
