网络上的促进者揭示了信息交流和互惠之间的最佳相互作用
Facilitators on networks reveal the optimal interplay between information exchange and reciprocity
摘要：
互惠是促进合作的重要机制。有效的信息交流也同样重要，特别是对于结构化的群体，因为参与者之间的互动有限。基于这两个事实，我们探讨了促进者在网络社会困境中的作用。在这里，协调者是他们邻居的镜子--他们与合作者合作，与背叛者背叛--但他们不参与策略的交流。因此，除了引入直接互惠外，它们还阻碍了信息交流。在混合良好的群体中，只要促进者的数量超过一个临界值，他们就会倾向于通过合作来取代和入侵背叛。另一方面，在结构化群体中，互惠的好处和信息交流的恶化之间存在着微妙的平衡。对各种互动网络上的社会困境进行的广泛的蒙特卡罗模拟表明，互惠和信息交换之间存在最佳相互作用，只有当少数促进者占据无标度网络的主要枢纽时，这种相互作用才会出现。缺失的合作枢纽的缺点是超过补偿互惠性，在同一时间，受损的信息交换路由通过辅助枢纽，只有边际损失的有效性。这些结果表明，主要枢纽并不总是最佳的“大众领袖”，而是利用他们的高度连接状态来促进针锋相对的行为。
英文摘要：
Reciprocity is firmly established as an important mechanism that promotes cooperation. An efficient information exchange is likewise important, especially on structured populations, where interactions between players are limited. Motivated by these two facts, we explore the role of facilitators in social dilemmas on networks. Facilitators are here mirrors to their neighbors -- they cooperate with cooperators and defect with defectors -- but they do not participate in the exchange of strategies. As such, in addition to introducing direct reciprocity, they also obstruct information exchange. In well-mixed populations, facilitators favor the replacement and invasion of defection by cooperation as long as their number exceeds a critical value. In structured populations, on the other hand, there exists a delicate balance between the benefits of reciprocity and the deterioration of information exchange. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations of social dilemmas on various interaction networks reveal that there exists an optimal interplay between reciprocity and information exchange, which sets in only when a small number of facilitators occupies the main hubs of the scale-free network. The drawbacks of missing cooperative hubs are more than compensated by reciprocity and, at the same time, the compromised information exchange is routed via the auxiliary hubs with only marginal losses in effectivity. These results indicate that it is not always optimal for the main hubs to become ''leaders of the masses'', but rather to exploit their highly connected state to promote tit-for-tat-like behavior.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
