随时间加深的势阱对粒子的俘获和定域
Trapping and localization of particles by a potential well deepening with time
摘要：
从经典力学的基本关系出发，建立了速度足够慢的粒子被随时间加深的势阱俘获和局域化的普遍机制。这种阱可以通过具有增长强度（直到某个时刻）但具有固定空间分布的可控电磁场针对宽范围的带电粒子和中性粒子（具有电或磁矩）来创建。以一维矩形势阱随时间加深为例，详细分析了相应的粒子电磁阱的特征。所得结果可用于各种微粒（包括原子、分子和离子）的高分辨光谱学。
英文摘要：
The universal mechanism of trapping and localization of sufficiently slow-speed particles by a potential well deepening with time is established on the basis of fundamental relations of classical mechanics. Such wells may be created for a wide range both charged and neutral particles (with electric or magnetic moments) by means of a controllable electromagnetic field with growing strength (up to a certain moment) but with a fixed spatial distribution. Detailed analysis of features of corresponding electromagnetic traps of particles is carried out on the visual example of the one-dimensional rectangular potential well deepening with time. Obtained results may be used in ultrahigh resolution spectroscopy of various microparticles (including atoms, molecules and ions).
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