土壤参考收缩曲线
The soil reference shrinkage curve
摘要：
最近提出的一个模型表明，如何粘土收缩曲线转化为土壤收缩曲线时，土壤粘粒含量高于临界值。本文的目的是将该模型推广到临界粘粒含量以下的土壤。我调查了（i）参考收缩曲线，即没有裂缝的曲线;（ii）骨料的表层，与骨料内基质相比，孔隙结构发生了变化;（iii）粘土含量足够低的土壤，其中骨料内粘土内有大孔隙（所谓的腔隙孔）。该方法是基于详细说明不同的贡献，土壤体积和含水量在收缩。关键是收缩时孔隙体积方差的计算。参考收缩曲线由八个物理土壤参数确定：（1）烘干比容;（2）最大膨胀含水量;（3）平均固体密度;（4）土壤粘粒含量;（5）烘干结构孔隙度;（6）骨料固体质量与骨料内基质固体质量之比;（7）表征孔隙体积随含水量变化的速率的孔隙因子;和（8）烘干的孔隙体积。使用现有数据对模型进行了验证。模型预测的基准收缩曲线在基本收缩区的斜率值等于1减去空隙因子值，与观测值的一致性介于1和0之间。
英文摘要：
A recently proposed model showed how a clay shrinkage curve is transformed to the soil shrinkage curve at the soil clay content higher than a critical one. The objective of the present work was to generalize this model to the soil clay content lower a critical one. I investigated (i) the reference shrinkage curve, that is, one without cracks; (ii) the superficial layer of aggregates, with changed pore structure compared with the intraaggregate matrix; and (iii) soils with sufficiently low clay content where there are large pores inside the intraaggregate clay (so-called lacunar pores). The methodology is based on detail accounting for different contributions to the soil volume and water content during shrinkage. The key point is the calculation of the lacunar pore volume variance at shrinkage. The reference shrinkage curve is determined by eight physical soil parameters: (1) oven-dried specific volume; (2) maximum swelling water content; (3) mean solid density; (4) soil clay content; (5) oven-dried structural porosity; (6) the ratio of aggregate solid mass to solid mass of intraaggregate matrix; (7) the lacunar factor that characterizes the rate of the lacunar pore volume change with water content; and (8) oven-dried lacunar pore volume. The model was validated using available data. The model predicted value of the slope of the reference shrinkage curve in the basic shrinkage area is equal to unity minus the lacunar factor value, and is between unity and zero in the agreement with observations.
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