在统计框架下研究的时间相关微观结定律的历史相关摩擦和慢滑移
History-dependent friction and slow slip from time-dependent microscopic junction laws studied in a statistical framework
摘要：
为了研究摩擦的微观起源，我们建立了一个框架来描述形成宏观摩擦界面的大量单个微结的集体行为。每个微结可以在两种状态之间及时切换：以位移相关力为特征的钉扎状态和以时间相关力为特征的滑动状态。而不是单独跟踪每个微结，界面的状态是由两个耦合的分布描述的（i）钉扎结的拉伸和（ii）在滑动状态下花费的时间。我们展示了这个框架是如何代表摩擦文献中存在的重要模型的总体结构。然后，我们用它来系统地研究控制滑动状态持续时间的时间尺度的影响。我们首先找到作为滑动速度的函数的稳态摩擦力。由于该框架允许整个家庭的微结行为的法律，我们展示了如何选择这些法律可以获得单调（加强或减弱）或非单调的速度依赖在宏观尺度。然后考虑瞬态情况下，我们预测的宏观静摩擦系数的强烈影响的方式准备的接口，特别是由以前的滑动事件的滑动动力学。我们还表明，慢滑自发地发生在广泛的行为规律的框架。
英文摘要：
To study the microscopic origins of friction, we build a framework to describe the collective behaviour of a large number of individual micro-junctions forming a macroscopic frictional interface. Each micro-junction can switch in time between two states: A pinned state characterized by a displacement-dependent force, and a slipping state characterized by a time-dependent force. Instead of tracking each micro-junction individually, the state of the interface is described by two coupled distributions for (i) the stretching of pinned junctions and (ii) the time spent in the slipping state. We show how this framework represents an overarching structure for important models existing in the friction literature. We then use it to study systematically the effect of the time-scale that controls the duration of the slipping state. We first find the steady-state friction force as a function of the sliding velocity. As the framework allows for a whole family of micro-junction behaviour laws, we show how these laws can be chosen to obtain monotonic (strengthening or weakening) or non-monotonic velocity dependence at the macroscale. By then considering transient situations, we predict that the macroscopic static friction coefficient is strongly influenced by the way the interface was prepared, in particular by the slip dynamics of the previous sliding event. We also show that slow slip spontaneously occurs in the framework for a wide range of behaviour laws.
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