不平等厌恶与合作的演进
Inequity aversion and the evolution of cooperation
摘要：
合作的演化是生物学、社会科学、经济学和人工智能中广泛研究的问题。大多数解释合作的现有方法都依赖于某种直接或间接互惠的概念。这些基于互惠的模型假设智能体认识到他们的合作伙伴，并知道他们以前的互动，这需要先进的认知能力。在本文中，我们感兴趣的是开发一个模型，产生合作，而不需要任何显式的记忆，以前的游戏。我们的模型是基于行为经济学中引入的一个概念，即个人关心结果中的回报平等。在这里，我们探讨了使用收入不平等指导合作伙伴的选择和互动的效果。我们研究我们的模型，考虑良好的混合和空间结构的人口和合作成为主导的条件下。我们的研究结果支持了不公平厌恶促进非亲属间合作关系的假设。
英文摘要：
Evolution of cooperation is a widely studied problem in biology, social science, economics, and artificial intelligence. Most of the existing approaches that explain cooperation rely on some notion of direct or indirect reciprocity. These reciprocity based models assume agents recognize their partner and know their previous interactions, which requires advanced cognitive abilities. In this paper we are interested in developing a model that produces cooperation without requiring any explicit memory of previous game plays. Our model is based on the notion of, a concept introduced within behavioral economics, whereby individuals care about payoff equality in outcomes. Here we explore the effect of using income inequality to guide partner selection and interaction. We study our model by considering both the well-mixed and the spatially structured population and present the conditions under which cooperation becomes dominant. Our results support the hypothesis that inequity aversion promotes cooperative relationship among nonkin.
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