单个致密相对论电子片产生的亮亚周期XUV脉冲
Bright subcycle XUV pulse from a single dense relativistic electron sheet
摘要：
相对论性电子是巨大的光子源。除了经典加速器之外，超强激光相互作用特别令人感兴趣，因为它们允许相对论电子的相干运动被控制和利用作为辐射源。在极端激光条件下，理论预测可以产生孤立的自由相对论电子片（FRES），并利用它来产生一类新的辐射-单极极紫外（XUV）脉冲。然而，在这些模拟中，极快的上升时间和最高峰值强度的组合仍然超出了当前的激光技术。我们展示了一条利用相对论透明性产生具有陡峭上升时间的超强脉冲的现有激光器实现隔离FRES的途径。当这样的FRES与第二个倾斜的靶箔相互作用时，电子片被快速加速（“踢”）。辐射信号和模拟表明，一个单一的，纳米厚的FRES产生。实验观察和我们的理论模型表明，在XUV中产生了第一个单极（半周期）脉冲-这是迄今为止仅在太赫兹光谱域中实现的成就。
英文摘要：
Relativistic electrons are prodigious sources of photons. Beyond classical accelerators, ultra-intense laser interactions are of particular interest as they allow the coherent motion of relativistic electrons to be controlled and exploited as sources of radiation. Under extreme laser conditions theory predicts that isolated free relativistic electron sheets (FRES) can be produced and exploited for the production of a new class of radiation - unipolar extreme ultraviolet(XUV) pulses. However, the combination of extremely rapid rise-time and highest peak intensity in these simulations is still beyond current laser technology. We demonstrate a route to isolated FRES with existing lasers by exploiting relativistic transparency to produce an ultra-intense pulse with a steep rise time. When such an FRES interacts with a second, oblique target foil the electron sheet is rapidly accelerated ('kicked'). The radiation signature and simulations demonstrate that a single, nanometer thick FRES was produced. The experimental observations together with our theoretical modeling suggest the production of the first unipolar (half-cycle) pulse in the XUV - an achievement that has so far only been realized in the terahertz spectral domain.
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