掌握塞曼减速器的横向运动
Getting a Grip on the Transverse Motion in a Zeeman Decelerator
摘要：
塞曼减速是一种实验技术，其中螺线管线圈阵列内部产生的不均匀的、随时间变化的磁场被用来操纵超声束的速度。使用氢原子作为测试系统建造了12级塞曼减速器并进行了表征。该仪器有几个原始功能，包括单独更换每个减速线圈的可能性。在这篇文章中，我们给出了详细的描述的实验装置，并说明其性能。我们证明，在塞曼减速器的整体接受可以显着增加，只有微小的变化，设置本身。这是通过在螺线管线圈中的一个中施加相当低的反平行磁场来实现的，该磁场形成随时间变化的四极场，并且改善了横向方向上的粒子约束。结果再现三维数值粒子轨迹模拟，从而允许严格的分析实验数据。研究结果表明，使用一个修改后的线圈配置，以提高横向聚焦在减速过程中。
英文摘要：
Zeeman deceleration is an experimental technique in which inhomogeneous, time-dependent magnetic fields generated inside an array of solenoid coils are used to manipulate the velocity of a supersonic beam. A 12-stage Zeeman decelerator has been built and characterized using hydrogen atoms as a test system. The instrument has several original features including the possibility to replace each deceleration coil individually. In this article, we give a detailed description of the experimental setup, and illustrate its performance. We demonstrate that the overall acceptance in a Zeeman decelerator can be significantly increased with only minor changes to the setup itself. This is achieved by applying a rather low, anti-parallel magnetic field in one of the solenoid coils that forms a temporally varying quadrupole field, and improves particle confinement in the transverse direction. The results are reproduced by three-dimensional numerical particle trajectory simulations thus allowing for a rigorous analysis of the experimental data. The findings suggest the use of a modified coil configuration to improve transverse focusing during the deceleration process.
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