在评估原子数据准确性之后检验H II区域中非麦克斯韦电子分布的存在
Testing the existence of non-Maxwellian electron distributions in H II regions after assessing atomic data accuracy
摘要：
经典的光学星云诊断[N II]，[O II]，[O III]，[S II]，[S III]，和[Ar III]被用来寻找证据的非麦克斯韦电子分布，即$κ$分布，在一个样本中观测良好的银河系H II区。通过计算新的有效碰撞强度为所有这些系统和A值时，必要的（如S II），并通过与以前的碰撞和辐射数据集进行比较，我们已经能够获得现实的估计所造成的原子数据，在大多数情况下，不大于$\sim 10$ %的电子温度色散。如果考虑到观测和原子数据的不确定性，那么对于某些星云来说，确定一个有代表性的平均温度是合理的，而在另一些星云中，至少有两个等离子体激发区。对于后者，发现在高激发区，例如$T_e$（O III），$T_e$（S III），和$T_e$（Ar III）的诊断温度差，不能通过调用$κ$分布调和。对于低激发区域，在某些但不是所有情况下，有可能达到[N II]、[O II]和[S II]与$κ\approx 10$的共同的较低温度，这将导致这些离子的显著丰度增强。提出了一个解析公式，以产生准确的$κ$平均激发速率系数（优于10%的$κ\geq 5$）的麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼有效碰撞强度的温度表。
英文摘要：
The classic optical nebular diagnostics [N II], [O II], [O III], [S II], [S III], and [Ar III] are employed to search for evidence of non-Maxwellian electron distributions, namely $κ$ distributions, in a sample of well-observed Galactic H II regions. By computing new effective collision strengths for all these systems and A-values when necessary (e.g. S II), and by comparing with previous collisional and radiative datasets, we have been able to obtain realistic estimates of the electron-temperature dispersion caused by the atomic data, which in most cases are not larger than $\sim 10$%. If the uncertainties due to both observation and atomic data are then taken into account, it is plausible to determine for some nebulae a representative average temperature while in others there are at least two plasma excitation regions. For the latter, it is found that the diagnostic temperature differences in the high-excitation region, e.g. $T_e$(O III), $T_e$(S III), and $T_e$(Ar III), cannot be conciliated by invoking $κ$ distributions. For the low excitation region, it is possible in some, but not all, cases to arrive at a common, lower temperature for [N II], [O II], and [S II] with $κ\approx 10$, which would then lead to significant abundance enhancements for these ions. An analytic formula is proposed to generate accurate $κ$-averaged excitation rate coefficients (better than 10% for $κ\geq 5$) from temperature tabulations of the Maxwell-Boltzmann effective collision strengths.
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