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arXiv 1402.3537nlin.CD
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破时逆转不变性下特殊点微波台球散射实验

Scattering Experiments with Microwave Billiards at an Exceptional Point under Broken Time Reversal Invariance

S. Bittner, B. Dietz, H. L. Harney, M. Miski-Oglu, A. Richter, F. Schäfer

摘要:

进行了微波腔体散射实验,研究了腔体内放置磁化铁氧体引起的时间反转不变性(TRI)的破坏对近简并共振的孤立双峰的影响。提取了该二能级系统的有效哈密顿量的所有元素。作为两个实验参数的函数,双重峰和相关的本征向量可以被调谐到所谓的例外点(EP)处合并。研究了特征值和特征向量在参数空间中环绕EP时的行为,包括在中断TRI的情况下建立的几何振幅。一个一维子空间的参数被发现的差异的特征值是真实的或纯粹的虚数。在那里,哈密顿量被发现在宇称(P)和时间反演(T)的组合操作下在广义意义上的PT不变。欧洲议会是两个地区之间的过渡点。出现PT自发性断裂。

英文摘要:

Scattering experiments with microwave cavities were performed and the effects of broken time-reversal invariance (TRI), induced by means of a magnetized ferrite placed inside the cavity, on an isolated doublet of nearly degenerate resonances were investigated. All elements of the effective Hamiltonian of this two-level system were extracted. As a function of two experimental parameters, the doublet and also the associated eigenvectors could be tuned to coalesce at a so-called exceptional point (EP). The behavior of the eigenvalues and eigenvectors when encircling the EP in parameter space was studied, including the geometric amplitude that builds up in the case of broken TRI. A one-dimensional subspace of parameters was found where the differences of the eigenvalues are either real or purely imaginary. There, the Hamiltonians were found PT-invariant under the combined operation of parity (P) and time reversal (T) in a generalized sense. The EP is the point of transition between both regions. There a spontaneous breaking of PT occurs.

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