在ESO新技术望远镜上用Iqueye对蟹状星云脉冲星的光学相位相干计时
Optical phase coherent timing of the Crab nebula pulsar with Iqueye at the ESO New Technology Telescope
摘要：
蟹状星云脉冲星是在2009年1月和12月用安装在欧洲南方天文台3.5米新技术望远镜上的一种新型的非常快的光子计数器Iqueye观测到的。由于Iqueye数据的精美质量，我们计算了两次观测运行和2009年全年的精确相位相干定时解决方案。我们的统计不确定性的主脉冲的相位和脉冲星的旋转周期的短（几天）的时间间隔的测定分别为$\approx 1 \, μ$ s和~0.5 ps。与Jodrell Bank射电星历的比较表明，光脉冲在1月领先射电星历约240 $μ$ s，在12月领先约160 $μ$ s，这与1996年后进行的一些其他测量结果一致。三阶多项式拟合充分描述了2009年1月和12月光学观测的自旋下降。在大多数观测中，相位噪声与具有$\approx 15 \, μ$ s的色散$σ$的高斯分布一致，与光子噪声引起的相位变化的理论预期一致。
英文摘要：
The Crab nebula pulsar was observed in 2009 January and December with a novel very fast optical photon counter, Iqueye, mounted at the ESO 3.5 m New Technology Telescope. Thanks to the exquisite quality of the Iqueye data, we computed accurate phase coherent timing solutions for the two observing runs and over the entire year 2009. Our statistical uncertainty on the determination of the phase of the main pulse and the rotational period of the pulsar for short (a few days) time intervals are $\approx 1 \, μ$s and ~0.5 ps, respectively. Comparison with the Jodrell Bank radio ephemerides shows that the optical pulse leads the radio one by ~240 $μ$s in January and ~160 $μ$s in December, in agreement with a number of other measurements performed after 1996. A third-order polynomial fit adequately describes the spin-down for the 2009 January plus December optical observations. The phase noise is consistent with being Gaussian distributed with a dispersion $σ$ of $\approx 15 \, μ$s in most observations, in agreement with theoretical expectations for photon noise-induced phase variability.
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