用改进的CoBRA方法支持过程成熟
Supporting Process Maturation with the Enhanced CoBRA Method
摘要：
成本估算是软件开发企业的一个非常重要的领域。在学习型组织的背景下，评估的适用性和准确性并不是唯一的验收标准。估算技术对理解和成熟相关组织过程（如成本和生产率因素的识别、测量、数据验证、模型验证、模型维护）的贡献最近变得越来越重要。然而，大多数提出的成本建模方法提供的软件工程师几乎没有任何帮助，在支持相关的过程。没有为验证所创建的成本模型（包括基本的数据汇集流程）提供足够的支持，或者在获得有效模型的情况下，没有为应用这些模型实现组织的目标（如提高生产率或缩短进度）提供足够的支持。本文提出了一种增强的Cobra（R）成本建模方法，系统地包括额外的定量方法到迭代分析反馈周期。应用于冲电气工业公司，有限公司、在日本，CoBRA（R）方法有助于实现以下目标，包括：（1）成熟现有的测量过程，（2）提高Oki软件项目决策者关于成本相关软件过程的专业知识，以及（3）将初始估计误差从最初的120%降低到14%。
英文摘要：
Cost estimation is a very crucial field for software developing companies. In the context of learning organizations, estimation applicability and accuracy are not the only acceptance criteria. The contribution of an estimation technique to the understanding and maturing of related organizational processes (such as identification of cost and productivity factors, measurement, data validation, model validation, model maintenance) has recently been gaining increasing importance. Yet, most of the proposed cost modeling approaches provide software engineers with hardly any assistance in supporting related processes. Insufficient support is provided for validating created cost models (including underlying data collection processes) or, if valid models are obtained, for applying them to achieve an organization's objectives such as improved productivity or reduced schedule. This paper presents an enhancement of the CoBRA(R) cost modeling method by systematically including additional quantitative methods into iterative analysis-feedback cycles. Applied at Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd., Japan, the CoBRA(R) method contributed to the achievement of the following objectives, including: (1) maturation of existing measurement processes, (2) increased expertise of Oki software project decision makers regarding cost-related software processes, and, finally, (3) reduction of initial estimation error from an initial 120% down to 14%.
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