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arXiv 1402.1797nlin.CDcond-mat.stat-mechhep-thphysics.flu-dyn
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双曲平面上的Turbulence:逆叶栅的命运

Turbulence on hyperbolic plane: the fate of inverse cascade

Gregory Falkovich, Krzysztof Gawedzki

摘要:

本文描述了双曲平面上理想的不可压缩流体力学,双曲平面是一个具有常负曲率的无限曲面。我们推导了湍流的运动方程、一般对称性和守恒定律,然后考虑了由于小尺度强迫作用而使能量密度随时间线性增加的湍流。在平坦的空间中,这种能量增长是由于逆级联,其建立与时间成比例并在尺度上扩展的速度自相关函数的恒定部分,而速度差的时刻在取决于距离的时间期间饱和。对于弯曲空间,我们分析了退化圆锥几何中的长时间长距离标度极限,发现随时间线性增长的含能模在空间中不是常数。速度关联函数的形状表明,能量在任意直径但宽度与双曲平面的曲率半径相当的涡环中积累。跨尺度的能流并不像在平坦空间中那样随尺度线性增加,而是在曲率半径附近达到最大值。这意味着通过尺度的能量通量在更大的尺度上减少,使得能量以非级联的方式转移,即逆级联溢出到所有更大的尺度,其中泵入系统的能量在环中累积。速度波动谱密度的时间饱和部分包含有限的单位面积能量,这与平坦空间中的时间饱和谱表现为k^{-5/3}不同。

英文摘要:

We describe ideal incompressible hydrodynamics on the hyperbolic plane which is an infinite surface of constant negative curvature. We derive equations of motion, general symmetries and conservation laws, and then consider turbulence with the energy density linearly increasing with time due to action of small-scale forcing. In a flat space, such energy growth is due to an inverse cascade, which builds a constant part of the velocity autocorrelation function proportional to time and expanding in scales, while the moments of the velocity difference saturate during a time depending on the distance. For the curved space, we analyze the long-time long-distance scaling limit, that lives in a degenerate conical geometry, and find that the energy-containing mode linearly growing with time is not constant in space. The shape of the velocity correlation function indicates that the energy builds up in vortical rings of arbitrary diameter but of width comparable to the curvature radius of the hyperbolic plane. The energy current across scales does not increase linearly with the scale, as in a flat space, but reaches a maximum around the curvature radius. That means that the energy flux through scales decreases at larger scales so that the energy is transferred in a non-cascade way, that is the inverse cascade spills over to all larger scales where the energy pumped into the system is cumulated in the rings. The time-saturated part of the spectral density of velocity fluctuations contains a finite energy per unit area, unlike in the flat space where the time-saturated spectrum behaves as k^{-5/3}.

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