如何将为车辆交通开发的分配方法应用于行人微观模拟
How to Apply Assignment Methods that were Developed for Vehicular Traffic to Pedestrian Microsimulations
摘要：
在交通规划中，应用配流方法计算用户平衡路径选择是非常常见的。一般认为，车辆交通是以广义成本为基础的用户均衡，其中出行时间是一个主要因素。令人惊讶的是，旅行时间并没有受到行人路线选择的太多关注。在行人的微观模拟中，用于计算首选步行方向的极大主导范例被设置为（空间）最短路径的方向。对于行人将旅行时间作为其步行行为的主要决定因素的情况，也希望在行人模拟中有一个分配方法。要应用现有的（道路交通）分配方法与模拟的行人之一，以减少nondenumbering许多可能的行人轨迹的一个小的子集的路线，代表的主要，相关的，并显着区分路由的替代品。除一条路线外，所有这些路线都将标记绕道，即不是起点和目的地之间的最短连接。建议的分配方法的目的是工作与常见的行人动力学的操作模型。这些-如前所述-通常会将行人送向空间最短路径的方向。因此，所有绕行路线都必须配备中间目的地，这样，行人可以绕行，作为分段连接的路段，他们走到最短路径的方向。然后，人们必须注意，从一个路段到下一个路段的越界不会引入人为因素进入行人轨迹。
英文摘要：
Applying assignment methods to compute user-equilibrium route choice is very common in traffic planning. It is common sense that vehicular traffic arranges in a user-equilibrium based on generalized costs in which travel time is a major factor. Surprisingly travel time has not received much attention for the route choice of pedestrians. In microscopic simulations of pedestrians the vastly dominating paradigm for the computation of the preferred walking direction is set into the direction of the (spatially) shortest path. For situations where pedestrians have travel time as primary determinant for their walking behavior it would be desirable to also have an assignment method in pedestrian simulations. To apply existing (road traffic) assignment methods with simulations of pedestrians one has to reduce the nondenumerably many possible pedestrian trajectories to a small subset of routes which represent the main, relevant, and significantly distinguished routing alternatives. All except one of these routes will mark detours, i.e. not the shortest connection between origin and destination. The proposed assignment method is intended to work with common operational models of pedestrian dynamics. These - as mentioned before - usually send pedestrians into the direction of the spatially shortest path. Thus, all detouring routes have to be equipped with intermediate destinations, such that pedestrians can do a detour as a piecewise connection of segments on which they walk into the direction of the shortest path. One has then to take care that the transgression from one segment to the following one no artifacts are introduced into the pedestrian trajectory.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
