用稀疏阵列观测的电离层波的高级谱分析
Advanced spectral analysis of ionospheric waves observed with sparse arrays
摘要：
本文介绍了一个案例研究，从一个单一的，六个小时的观测周期，以说明应用的技术开发的干涉射电望远镜的频谱分析观测电离层波动与稀疏阵列。我们已经适应了反卷积方法用于制作高动态范围图像的宇宙源与无线电阵列，使高动态范围地图的频谱功率的波动电离层现象。在这里介绍的例子中，我们使用的观测结果的总电子含量（TEC）梯度来自甚大阵（VLA）的观测同步辐射从两个星系团在330 MHz以及基于GPS的TEC测量从一个稀疏的阵列33个接收器位于新墨西哥州附近的VLA。我们表明，这些技术提供了一个显着的改善，在检测到的wavelike结构的信噪比（S/N）的测量误差和波前失真校正。当将所有可用的卫星/接收器对组合时，对于GPS数据尤其如此，这探测更大的物理区域，并且可能具有比单卫星情况下更广泛的测量误差。在这种情况下，我们发现检测到的波的峰值S/N提高了一个数量级以上。由去卷积过程生成的数据产物还允许将波动重建为二维波形/相位屏幕，其可用于校正它们的影响。
英文摘要：
This paper presents a case study from a single, six-hour observing period to illustrate the application of techniques developed for interferometric radio telescopes to the spectral analysis of observations of ionospheric fluctuations with sparse arrays. We have adapted the deconvolution methods used for making high dynamic range images of cosmic sources with radio arrays to making comparably high dynamic range maps of spectral power of wavelike ionospheric phenomena. In the example presented here, we have used observations of the total electron content (TEC) gradient derived from Very Large Array (VLA) observations of synchrotron emission from two galaxy clusters at 330 MHz as well as GPS-based TEC measurements from a sparse array of 33 receivers located within New Mexico near the VLA. We show that these techniques provide a significant improvement in signal to noise (S/N) of detected wavelike structures by correcting for both measurement inaccuracies and wavefront distortions. This is especially true for the GPS data when combining all available satellite/receiver pairs, which probe a larger physical area and likely have a wider variety of measurement errors than in the single-satellite case. In this instance, we found the peak S/N of the detected waves was improved by more than an order of magnitude. The data products generated by the deconvolution procedure also allow for a reconstruction of the fluctuations as a two-dimensional waveform/phase screen that can be used to correct for their effects.
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