地球同步相对论电子增强对地磁参数的依赖性
Dependence of geosynchronous relativistic electron enhancements on geomagnetic parameters
摘要：
GOES-8在1997 - 2000年在地球同步轨道观测到的相对论电子通量被认为是地磁指数PC、Kp和Dst以及磁层大小、太阳下Rs和终结者Rf磁层顶距离等参数的复杂函数。地球同步相对论电子增强（GREE）被确定为每日最大电子通量超过上均方根偏差（RMSD）阈值约1500（cm ~ 2 s Sr）~（-1）。对比分析GREE动力学和当前太阳活动周期上升阶段的地磁条件，发现太阳活动极大期强地磁活动的显著增强抑制了相对论电子增强。对GREE与地磁参数之间关系的统计分析表明，控制地球同步相对论电子增强的最重要的参数是4天平均Kp指数、PC指数和磁层顶终止距离Rf，它们分别延迟3和14小时。相对较高的平均时间Kp的亚暴能量释放的累积效应，在一个渐进的机制，加速磁层中的相对论电子解释。PC指数的非常短的时间延迟被解释为强烈磁暴期间产生GREE的快速加速机制的加强。PC指数的大幅度增加（PC>5）是GREE发生的充分条件。地球同步相对论电子通量对磁层压缩的快速响应是由磁暴期间磁层顶高能电子向地球漂移损失引起的。
英文摘要：
Relativistic electron fluxes observed in geosynchronous orbit by GOES-8 in 1997 to 2000 were considered as a complex function of geomagnetic indices PC, Kp, and Dst as well as parameters of the magnetosphere size, subsolar Rs and terminator Rf magnetopause distances. A geosynchronous relativistic electron enhancement (GREE) is determined as daily maximal electron flux exceeding the upper root mean square deviation (RMSD) threshold of about 1500 (cm2s sr)-1. Comparison analysis of the GREE dynamics and geomagnetic conditions on the rising phase of current solar cycle revealed suppression of the relativistic electron enhancements by substantially increased strong geomagnetic activity in the solar maximum. Statistical consideration of a relationship between the GREEs and the geomagnetic parameters showed that the most important parameters controlling the geosynchronous relativistic electron enhancements were 4-day averaged Kp index, PC index and magnetopause termination distance Rf delayed respectively on 3 and 14 hours. Relatively high averaging time for Kp was explained by cumulative effect of substorm energy release in a gradual mechanism accelerating the relativistic electrons in the magnetosphere. Very short time delay for PC index was interpreted as intensification of a fast acceleration mechanism producing the GREEs during severe geomagnetic storms. Substantial increase of the PC index (PC>5) was founded as a sufficient condition for GREE occurrence. The fast response of the geosynchronous relativistic electron fluxes on the magnetosphere compression was explained by drift losses of the energetic electrons at the magnetopause which approaches the Earth during geomagnetic storms.
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