夸克和胶子场的能量动量和自旋/螺旋度
On energy-momentum and spin/helicity of quark and gluon fields
摘要：
在狭义相对论中，量子物质可以根据质能和自旋进行分类。相应的场论概念是能量-动量-应力张量T和自旋角动量张量S。由于物理学中的每一个物体都携带能量，如果是费米子，也会旋转，所以T和S的概念可以在物理学的所有领域中找到。本文讨论了狭义相对论、广义相对论和爱因斯坦-嘉当引力理论中的T流和S流。我们将结果归纳为四个方面：（i）夸克能量动量和夸克自旋分别用正则（Noether）流T和S正确描述。(ii)胶子的能量动量流是正确的描述（对称和规范不变）闵可夫斯基型电流。它的（洛伦兹）自旋电流为零，S = 0。然而，它的螺旋度为正或负1。(iii)GR与命题（i）相矛盾，但与命题（ii）相容。(iv)在可行的EC理论中，我们的命题（i）和（ii）得到了满足，因此，我们倾向于这种引力理论。
英文摘要：
In special relativity, quantum matter can be classified according to mass-energy and spin. The corresponding field-theoretical notions are the energy-momentum-stress tensor T and the spin angular momentum tensor S. Since each object in physics carries energy and, if fermionic, also spin, the notions of T and S can be spotted in all domains of physics. We discuss the T and S currents in Special Relativity (SR), in General Relativity (GR), and in the Einstein-Cartan theory of gravity (EC). We collect our results in 4 theses: (i) The quark energy-momentum and the quark spin are described correctly by the canonical (Noether) currents T and S, respectively. (ii) The gluon energy-momentum current is described correctly by the (symmetric and gauge invariant) Minkowski type current. Its (Lorentz) spin current vanishes, S = 0. However, it carries helicity of plus or minus one. (iii) GR contradicts thesis (i), but is compatible with thesis (ii). (iv) Within the viable EC-theory, our theses (i) and (ii) are fulfilled and, thus, we favor this gravitational theory.
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