模拟暗物质探测器校准中子散射的新库
New libraries for simulating neutron scattering in dark matter detector calibrations
摘要：
暗物质探测器需要校准其能量标度和效率，以探测$1-50$ keV范围内的核反冲。大多数校准使用中子散射，并且需要MCNP或Geant 4模拟通过探测器的中子传播。对于大多数比$^{16}$ O重的核，这些模拟的库忽略了分辨共振对中子弹性微分截面的贡献。对于许多对暗物质探测很重要的同位素和中子能量来说，这种无效的假设会严重扭曲模拟的核反冲光谱。正确的角分布可以使用R-矩阵形式主义从谐振参数计算。本文介绍了一套具有高分辨角分布的$^{19}$ F、$^{40}$ Ar、$^{50,52}$ Cr、$^{56}$ Fe、$^{136}$ Cr和$^{206,207,208}$ Pb的MCNP和Geant 4中子散射库。还介绍了一个模拟$^9$ Be $(γ,n)^8$ Be反应中低能中子产生的MCNPX库。示例暗物质探测器校准模拟与新的图书馆显示如何探测器的灵敏度可能被高估的两个因素依赖于现有的MCNP和Geant 4库。
英文摘要：
Dark matter detectors require calibrations of their energy scale and efficiency to detect nuclear recoils in the $1-50$ keV range. Most calibrations use neutron scattering and require MCNP or Geant4 simulations of neutron propagation through the detector. For most nuclei heavier than $^{16}$O, these simulations' libraries ignore the contribution of resolved resonances to the neutron elastic differential cross-section. For many isotopes and neutron energies of importance to dark matter detection, this invalid assumption can severely distort simulated nuclear recoil spectra. The correct angular distributions can be calculated from the resonance parameters using R-matrix formalism. A set of neutron scattering libraries with high resolution angular distributions for MCNP and Geant4 of $^{19}$F, $^{40}$Ar, $^{50,52}$Cr, $^{56}$Fe, $^{136}$Xe, and $^{206,207,208}$Pb is presented. An MCNPX library for simulating the production of low-energy neutrons in the $^9$Be$(γ,n)^8$Be reaction is also presented. Example dark matter detector calibrations are simulated with the new libraries showing how detector sensitivity could be overestimated by factors of two by relying on existing MCNP and Geant4 libraries.
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