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arXiv 1401.7345physics.opticsphysics.class-ph
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浸没反射镜上的辐射压力:电介质中光动量的含义

Radiation Pressure on Submerged Mirrors: Implications for the Momentum of Light in Dielectric Media

Masud Mansuripur

摘要:

对浸没在介电液体中的反射镜的辐射压力测量一致地显示了液体中光子的有效闵可夫斯基动量。使用精确的理论计算的基础上麦克斯韦方程组和洛伦兹定律的力量,我们表明,这一结果是一个事实,即传统的镜子赋予,反射后,180度相移的入射光束的后果。如果镜子被设计成赋予不同的相位,那么有效动量将在闵可夫斯基动量和亚伯拉罕动量的两个极端之间的任何地方。由于在这两个极端之间的范围内的所有值在实验中同样可能被发现,我们认为,在一个电介质主机内的光子动量有亚伯拉罕和闵可夫斯基动量的算术平均值。

英文摘要:

Radiation pressure measurements on mirrors submerged in dielectric liquids have consistently shown an effective Minkowski momentum for the photons within the liquid. Using an exact theoretical calculation based on Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz law of force, we demonstrate that this result is a consequence of the fact that conventional mirrors impart, upon reflection, a 180 degree phase-shift to the incident beam of light. If the mirror is designed to impart a different phase, then the effective momentum will turn out to be anywhere between the two extremes of the Minkowski and Abraham momenta. Since all values in the range between these two extremes are equally likely to be found in experiments, we argue that the photon momentum inside a dielectric host has the arithmetic mean value of the Abraham and Minkowski momenta.

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