引力异常标志着经典引力的崩溃
Gravitational anomalies signaling the breakdown of classical gravity
摘要：
最近对三种类型的天体物理系统的观测严重挑战了GR加暗物质的假设，显示出一种修正的引力理论所预测的现象。球状星团外围的恒星运动学表明，当越过$a_{0}$阈值时，会出现MOND型动力学。分析表明，在这些系统中存在“塔利-费舍尔”关系，即弥散速度与其质量的四次方根成比例。第二，在太阳附近发现了宽双星的异常尺度。双星的轨道速度不再沿着开普勒期望值下降，而是稳定在一个恒定值，正好在穿过$a_{0}$阈值时。最后，推断出的子弹状星团的坠落速度与标准宇宙学假设不一致，在标准宇宙学假设中，极限相遇速度要小得多。这源于标准重力下存在的逃逸速度限制;"子弹“不应该以超过关节系统的逃逸速度的速度击中”目标“，因为它非常明显地做到了。这些结果与广义引力理论是一致的，但需要在广义相对论下作出人为的解释。因此，现在的观测使我们处于这样一种情况，即在低加速度尺度下对引力的修改不再是一个选择的问题，现在成为不可避免的。
英文摘要：
Recent observations for three types of astrophysical systems severely challenge the GR plus dark matter scenario, showing a phenomenology which is what modified gravity theories predict. Stellar kinematics in the outskirts of globular clusters show the appearance of MOND type dynamics on crossing the $a_{0}$ threshold. Analysis shows a ``Tully-Fisher'' relation in these systems, a scaling of dispersion velocities with the fourth root of their masses. Secondly, an anomaly has been found at the unexpected scales of wide binaries in the solar neighbourhood. Binary orbital velocities cease to fall along Keplerian expectations, and settle at a constant value, exactly on crossing the $a_{0}$ threshold. Finally, the inferred infall velocity of the bullet cluster is inconsistent with the standard cosmological scenario, where much smaller limit encounter velocities appear. This stems from the escape velocity limit present in standard gravity; the ``bullet'' should not hit the ``target'' at more than the escape velocity of the joint system, as it very clearly did. These results are consistent with extended gravity, but would require rather contrived explanations under GR, each. Thus, observations now put us in a situation where modifications to gravity at low acceleration scales cease to be a matter of choice, to now become inevitable.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
