因瓦铁$_{1-x}A_{x}$（$A={\rm Pt},{\rm Ni}$）的磁化强度、磁致伸缩及其关系
Magnetization, magnetostriction, and their relationship in Invar Fe$_{1-x}A_{x}$ ($A={\rm Pt},{\rm Ni}$)
摘要：
提出了一种研究无序面心立方$_{0.28}$和FePDMATHABMONiPDMATHABMP在温度区间$0 \leq T/T_{\rm C} < 1$内的自发磁化强度和自发体积磁致伸缩及其关系的方法.它依赖于无序的局部矩形式主义和观察，减少磁化强度在每一个调查的材料是准确地描述了一个方程的形式$M(T)/M(0) = [ 1 -s (T/T_{\rm C})^{3/2}- (1-s)(T/T_{\rm C})^{p} ]^{q}$。本方法产生有趣的结果。在零开尔文的合金共享几个物理性质：在一个部分无序的局部磁矩状态的体积收缩的分数Fe的时刻，指向下增加的间隔$0 < x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow} < 1/2$，紧接着$V(0) - 4 [V(0)-V(1/2)] x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow} (1-x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow})$，而磁化崩溃，紧接着$M(0) - 2 M(0) x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow}$ ;在均匀的铁磁状态的体积大大超过在无序的局部磁矩状态; $x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow}(0)$接近零。这些共同的性质可以解释这两种合金所表现出的各种有趣的现象，包括零开尔文时磁致伸缩的异常，以及更令人惊讶的是，在居里温度以下，磁致伸缩和磁化强度平方之间的比例关系。然而，铁的时刻指向下的分数的热演化强烈地依赖于所考虑的合金。这反过来又可以解释两种合金之间磁化强度随温度变化的显著差异。
英文摘要：
A method is proposed for investigating the spontaneous magnetization, the spontaneous volume magnetostriction, and their relationship in disordered face-centered-cubic Fe$_{0.72}$Pt$_{0.28}$ and Fe$_{0.65}$Ni$_{0.35}$ in the temperature interval $0 \leq T/T_{\rm C} < 1$. It relies on the disordered local moment formalism and the observation that the reduced magnetization in each of the investigated materials is accurately described by an equation of the form $M(T)/M(0) = [ 1 -s (T/T_{\rm C})^{3/2}- (1-s)(T/T_{\rm C})^{p} ]^{q}$. The present approach yields interesting results. The alloys at zero Kelvin share several physical properties: the volume in a partially disordered local moment state shrinks as the fraction of Fe moments which point down increases in the interval $0 < x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow} < 1/2$, following closely $V(0) - 4 [V(0)-V(1/2)] x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow} (1-x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow})$, while the magnetization collapses, following closely $M(0) - 2 M(0) x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow}$; the volume in the homogeneous ferromagnetic state greatly exceeds that in the disordered local moment state; $x^{{\rm Fe}\downarrow}(0)$ is close to zero. These common properties can account for a variety of intriguing phenomena displayed by both alloys, including the anomaly in the magnetostriction at zero Kelvin and, more surprisingly perhaps, the scaling between the reduced magnetostriction and the reduced magnetization squared below the Curie temperature. However, the thermal evolution of the fraction of Fe moments which point down depends strongly on the alloy under consideration. This, in turn, can explain the observed marked difference in the temperature dependence of the reduced magnetization between the two alloys.
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