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arXiv 1401.5250astro-ph.SR
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探索M矮星在完全对流边界处的磁场复杂性

Exploring the magnetic field complexity in M dwarfs at the boundary to full convection

D. Shulyak, A. Reiners, U. Seemann, O. Kochukhov, N. Piskunov

摘要:

基于详细的光谱合成,我们进行定量测量的强度和复杂性的表面磁场在四个著名的M-矮星GJ 388,GJ 729,GJ 285,和GJ 406填充的质量制度之间的边界部分和完全对流的恒星。非常高的分辨率R=100000,高信号噪声(高达400)近红外斯托克斯我光谱与CRIRES在ESO的超大型望远镜覆盖区域的FeH Wing-Ford过渡在1妈妈。所有四颗恒星的场分布都有三组不同的场分量,这些数据既不符合不同场强的平滑分布,也不符合一个覆盖整颗恒星的平均场强。我们发现GJ 285的场分布与其他三个目标相比存在细微差异的证据。GJ 285还具有3.5kG的最高平均场和7-7.5kG的最强最大场分量。在我们的样品中,最大局部场强似乎与旋转速率相关。虽然平均场强是饱和的,但我们样本中的最大局部场强没有显示出饱和的证据。我们没有发现部分和完全对流星的场分布之间的差异。有证据表明磁场分布与其他三颗不同的恒星是最活跃的恒星(即具有最大的x射线光度和平均表面磁场),旋转速度相对较快。一个可能的解释是旋转决定了表面磁场的分布,即使在平均磁场已经饱和的恒星中,局部磁场强度也会随着旋转而增加。

英文摘要:

Based on detailed spectral synthesis we carry out quantitative measurements of the strength and complexity of surface magnetic fields in the four well-known M-dwarfs GJ 388, GJ 729, GJ 285, and GJ 406 populating the mass regime around the boundary between partially and fully convective stars. Very high resolution R=100000, high signal-to-noise (up to 400) near-infrared Stokes I spectra were obtained with CRIRES at ESO's Very Large Telescope covering regions of the FeH Wing-Ford transitions at 1mum. The field distributions in all four stars are characterized by three distinct groups of field components, the data are neither consistent with a smooth distribution of different field strengths, nor with one average field strength covering the full star. We find evidence of a subtle difference in the field distribution of GJ 285 compared to the other three targets. GJ 285 also has the highest average field of 3.5kG and the strongest maximum field component of 7-7.5kG. The maximum local field strengths in our sample seem to be correlated with rotation rate. While the average field strength is saturated, the maximum local field strengths in our sample show no evidence for saturation. We find no difference between the field distributions of partially and fully convective stars. The one star with evidence for a field distribution different to the other three is the most active star (i.e. with largest x-ray luminosity and mean surface magnetic field) rotating relatively fast. A possible explanation is that rotation determines the distribution of surface magnetic fields, and that local field strengths grow with rotation even in stars in which the average field is already saturated.

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