GRS 1915+105在耀斑大喷发之前和期间X射线吸收增强的证据
Evidence of Elevated X-Ray Absorption Before and During Major Flare Ejections in GRS 1915+105
摘要：
利用MAXI天文台对微类星体GRS 1915 +105的时间分辨X射线谱进行了研究，以研究其主要耀斑的抛射前和抛射过程中的吸积状态。利用RATAN-600射电望远镜从4.8 - 11.2千兆赫进行的无线电监测显示，2013年前8个月发生了两次大的陡峭频谱大耀斑。由于RATAN每天接收一次测量，因此在没有更多信息的情况下，我们无法确定射流形成时间。幸运的是，这是可能的，因为一个明显的X射线光变曲线签名，发生在之前和期间的主要喷射已确定在较早的研究。X射线亮度在喷射前的几个小时内达到非常高的水平，然后在短暂的3到8小时喷射过程中变得可变（当在喷射持续时间内平均时，具有几乎相等的X射线亮度）。通过将这种X射线行为与MAXI光变曲线进行比较，我们可以估计2013年强耀斑的喷射事件的开始和结束在$\sim$ 3小时内。利用这一估计，结合MAXI档案中数据的时间分辨光谱学，我们可以推断出，X射线吸收氢柱密度在喷射前的几个小时内显著增加，并在喷射期间保持升高，这是主要耀斑的原因。这一发现与高纬度地区的外流风或增强的吸积相一致。
英文摘要：
We present time resolved X-ray spectroscopy of the microquasar GRS1915+105 with the MAXI observatory in order to study the accretion state just before and during the ejections associated with its major flares. Radio monitoring with the RATAN-600 radio telescope from 4.8 - 11.2 GHz has revealed two large steep spectrum major flares in the first eight months of 2013. Since, the RATAN receives one measurement per day, we cannot determine the jet forming time without more information. Fortunately, this is possible since a distinct X-ray light curve signature that occurs preceding and during major ejections has been determined in an earlier study. The X-ray luminosity spikes to very high levels in the hours before ejection then becomes variable (with a nearly equal X-ray luminosity when averaged over the duration of the ejection) during a brief 3 to 8 hour ejection process. By comparing this X-ray behavior to MAXI light curves, we can estimate the beginning and end of the ejection episode of the strong 2013 flares to within $\sim$3 hours. Using this estimate in conjunction with time resolved spectroscopy from the data in the MAXI archives allows us to deduce that the X-ray absorbing hydrogen column density increases significantly in the hours preceding the ejections and remains elevated during the ejections responsible for the major flares. This finding is consistent with an out-flowing wind or enhanced accretion at high latitudes.
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