本体论研究对象套件：开放网络上研究数据和方法的共享与交换
The Research Object Suite of Ontologies: Sharing and Exchanging Research Data and Methods on the Open Web
摘要：
生命科学研究越来越多地在数字和在线环境中进行。特别是，生命科学家一直是采用新的计算工具进行调查的先驱。为了支持在这种研究调查期间产生的数字对象的共享，我们在过去几年中目睹了专门知识库的出现，例如，DataVerse和FigShare。这些资料库为用户提供了分享和发布研究调查中使用或生成的数据集的手段。虽然这些知识库已经证明了它们的有用性，但解释和重用大多数研究结果的证据是一项具有挑战性的任务。还需要更多的上下文描述，以了解这些结果是如何产生的和/或得出这些结果的情况。正因为如此，科学家们呼吁建立超越数据集发布的模型，以系统地捕捉科学调查的生存周期，并提供一个单一的入口点来访问有关研究假设、使用的数据集、进行的实验、实验结果、参与研究的人员的信息，在本文中，我们提出了研究对象（RO）的本体套件，它提供了一个结构化的容器封装的研究数据和方法，以及必要的元数据描述。研究对象是便携式单元，可以共享，保存，解释和重复使用研究调查结果。我们提出的本体论是根据我们从生命科学家那里收集的要求设计的。它们建立在现有的流行词汇表上，以促进互操作性。此外，我们还开发了支持创建和共享研究对象的工具，从而促进和促进它们的采用。
英文摘要：
Research in life sciences is increasingly being conducted in a digital and online environment. In particular, life scientists have been pioneers in embracing new computational tools to conduct their investigations. To support the sharing of digital objects produced during such research investigations, we have witnessed in the last few years the emergence of specialized repositories, e.g., DataVerse and FigShare. Such repositories provide users with the means to share and publish datasets that were used or generated in research investigations. While these repositories have proven their usefulness, interpreting and reusing evidence for most research results is a challenging task. Additional contextual descriptions are needed to understand how those results were generated and/or the circumstances under which they were concluded. Because of this, scientists are calling for models that go beyond the publication of datasets to systematically capture the life cycle of scientific investigations and provide a single entry point to access the information about the hypothesis investigated, the datasets used, the experiments carried out, the results of the experiments, the people involved in the research, etc. In this paper we present the Research Object (RO) suite of ontologies, which provide a structured container to encapsulate research data and methods along with essential metadata descriptions. Research Objects are portable units that enable the sharing, preservation, interpretation and reuse of research investigation results. The ontologies we present have been designed in the light of requirements that we gathered from life scientists. They have been built upon existing popular vocabularies to facilitate interoperability. Furthermore, we have developed tools to support the creation and sharing of Research Objects, thereby promoting and facilitating their adoption.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
