本体论承诺的相关性
The relevance of ontological commitments
摘要：
在这篇引言中，我描述了我对本体论承诺概念的特殊看法，认为本体论承诺是诚实而务实的工作假设，它假设我们理论中的符号所代表的某些实体的存在（在那里）。我认为，这并不是天真的，因为它并不意味着相信假设可以被证明是真的（或假的），但它仍然是由包含假设存在的概念的理论的成功和预测能力所证明的。我还主张，一个人所持有的本体论承诺（即使是默认的）对产生什么样的科学、如何使用科学以及如何理解科学有着巨大的影响。我不仅证明了这一主张，但我也提出了一个可能的证伪它的草图。作为一个自然的结论，我捍卫的重要性，确定，澄清和明确的本体论承诺，如果富有成效的科学讨论是有。最后，我将我的观点与一些提出类似观点的哲学家和科学家的观点进行了比较。
英文摘要：
In this introductory note, I describe my particular view of the notion of ontological commitments as honest and pragmatic working hypotheses that assume the existence (out there) of certain entities represented by the symbols in our theory. I argue that this is not naive, in the sense that it does not entail the belief that the hypotheses could ever be proved to be true (or false), but it is nevertheless justified by the success and predictive power of the theory that contains the concepts assumed to exist. I also claim that the ontological commitments one holds (even if tacitly so) have a great influence on what kind of science is produced, how it is used, and how it is understood. Not only I justify this claim, but I also propose a sketch of a possible falsification of it. As a natural conclusion, I defend the importance of identifying, clarifying and making explicit one's ontological commitments if fruitful scientific discussions are to be had. Finally, I compare my point of view with that of some philosophers and scientists who have put forward similar notions.
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