arXiv 1401.21572014-01-09astro-ph.EP

柯伊伯带天体的绝对星等分布

The Absolute Magnitude Distribution of Kuiper Belt Objects

Wesley C. Fraser, Michael E. Brown, Alessandro Morbidelli, Alex Parker, Konstantin Batygin

备注：: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
DOI：: 10.1088/0004-637X/782/2/100

摘要：

在这里，我们测量的绝对星等分布（H-分布）的动态激发和静态（热和冷）柯伊伯带对象（KBO），并测试它们是否共享相同的H-分布的木星特洛伊。从所有可用的黄道调查的汇编，我们发现，KBO的H-分布很好地描述了破碎的幂律。冷星群有一个亮端斜率$α_{\textrm{1}}=1.5_{-0.2}^{+0.4}$和突变星等$H_{\textrm{B}}=6.9_{-0.2}^{+0.1}$（r '带）。热星族的亮端斜率较浅，为$α_{\textrm{1}}=0.87_{-0.2}^{+0.07}$，突变星等为$H_{\textrm{B}}=7.7_{-0.5}^{+1.0}$。这两个群体都有类似的$α_2\sim0.2$的微弱端斜率。我们估计热、冷两个种群的质量分别为$\sim0.01$和$\sim3\times10^{-4} \mbox{ M$ _{ \bigoplus } $}$。符合特洛伊H分布的破幂律分布有$α_\textrm{1}=1.0\pm0.2$、$α_\textrm{2}=0.36\pm0.01$和$H_{\textrm{B}}=8.3$。KS检验表明，特洛伊木马和冷KBO共享相同父H分布的概率小于1/1000。当热物体的双峰分布占，没有证据表明，特洛伊和热KBO的H-分布不同。我们的研究结果与尼斯模型的预测在质量和H-分布的热和特洛伊人口。大范围的观测数据表明，最亮的几个热天体，带有$H_{\textrm{r'}}\lesssim3$，不会落在较暗的热天体的陡峭幂律斜率上。在标准的星子形成层次模型下，由于冷带的质量较低，很难解释热和冷种群相似的破裂直径。

英文摘要：

Here we measure the absolute magnitude distributions (H-distribution) of the dynamically excited and quiescent (hot and cold) Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs), and test if they share the same H-distribution as the Jupiter Trojans. From a compilation of all useable ecliptic surveys, we find that the KBO H-distributions are well described by broken power-laws. The cold population has a bright-end slope, $α_{\textrm{1}}=1.5_{-0.2}^{+0.4}$, and break magnitude, $H_{\textrm{B}}=6.9_{-0.2}^{+0.1}$ (r'-band). The hot population has a shallower bright-end slope of, $α_{\textrm{1}}=0.87_{-0.2}^{+0.07}$, and break magnitude $H_{\textrm{B}}=7.7_{-0.5}^{+1.0}$. Both populations share similar faint end slopes of $α_2\sim0.2$. We estimate the masses of the hot and cold populations are $\sim0.01$ and $\sim3\times10^{-4} \mbox{ M$_{\bigoplus}$}$. The broken power-law fit to the Trojan H-distribution has $α_\textrm{1}=1.0\pm0.2$, $α_\textrm{2}=0.36\pm0.01$, and $H_{\textrm{B}}=8.3$. The KS test reveals that the probability that the Trojans and cold KBOs share the same parent H-distribution is less than 1 in 1000. When the bimodal albedo distribution of the hot objects is accounted for, there is no evidence that the H-distributions of the Trojans and hot KBOs differ. Our findings are in agreement with the predictions of the Nice model in terms of both mass and H-distribution of the hot and Trojan populations. Wide field survey data suggest that the brightest few hot objects, with $H_{\textrm{r'}}\lesssim3$, do not fall on the steep power-law slope of fainter hot objects. Under the standard hierarchical model of planetesimal formation, it is difficult to account for the similar break diameters of the hot and cold populations given the low mass of the cold belt.

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