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arXiv 1401.1872cs.DBcs.DS
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并行查询处理中的偏斜

Skew in Parallel Query Processing

Paul Beame, Paraschos Koutris, Dan Suciu

摘要:

我们研究的问题,计算一个合取查询q并行,使用p的服务器,在一个大型数据库。我们考虑一轮通信的算法,并研究通信的复杂性。我们特别感兴趣的情况下,数据是偏斜的,这是一个重大挑战,可扩展的并行查询处理。在两种情况下,我们建立了查询的分数边包装和通信量之间的紧密联系。首先,在数据库上的唯一统计数据是输入关系的基数,并且数据是无偏的情况下,我们提供了以查询q的分数边包装表示的匹配上界和下界(最多为多对数p因子)。其次,在关系倾斜并且重量级人物及其频率已知的情况下,我们提供了用通过将查询专门化为重量级人物而获得的剩余查询的包装来表示的上界和下界(最多为多log p因子)。我们所有的下限都以最强的形式表示,即具有无限计算能力的处理器之间需要通信的位数。我们的结果推广了统一数据库(其中每个关系都是匹配的)[4]上的一些先前结果,以及MapReduce模型的其他下界[1]。

英文摘要:

We study the problem of computing a conjunctive query q in parallel, using p of servers, on a large database. We consider algorithms with one round of communication, and study the complexity of the communication. We are especially interested in the case where the data is skewed, which is a major challenge for scalable parallel query processing. We establish a tight connection between the fractional edge packings of the query and the amount of communication, in two cases. First, in the case when the only statistics on the database are the cardinalities of the input relations, and the data is skew-free, we provide matching upper and lower bounds (up to a poly log p factor) expressed in terms of fractional edge packings of the query q. Second, in the case when the relations are skewed and the heavy hitters and their frequencies are known, we provide upper and lower bounds (up to a poly log p factor) expressed in terms of packings of residual queries obtained by specializing the query to a heavy hitter. All our lower bounds are expressed in the strongest form, as number of bits needed to be communicated between processors with unlimited computational power. Our results generalizes some prior results on uniform databases (where each relation is a matching) [4], and other lower bounds for the MapReduce model [1].

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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