单个纳米等离子体中shock waves的观察和控制
Observation and control of shock waves in individual nanoplasmas
摘要：
在一个新的实验中，图像的动量分布的个人，孤立的100纳米尺度的等离子体，我们在纳米等离子体中的冲击波的第一个实验观察。我们表明，引入加热脉冲之前的主激光脉冲的冲击波的强度增加，产生一个强的准单色离子的能量扩展小于15%的突发。数值流体动力学计算证实了加速激波的出现，并提供了一种机制，这些激波的产生和控制。在致密等离子体中观察到的独特冲击波使得能够用桌面级激光器控制、研究和利用纳米级冲击现象。
英文摘要：
In a novel experiment that images the momentum distribution of individual, isolated 100-nm-scale plasmas, we make the first experimental observation of shock waves in nanoplasmas. We demonstrate that the introduction of a heating pulse prior to the main laser pulse increases the intensity of the shock wave, producing a strong burst of quasi-monochromatic ions with an energy spread of less than 15%. Numerical hydrodynamic calculations confirm the appearance of accelerating shock waves, and provide a mechanism for the generation and control of these shock waves. This observation of distinct shock waves in dense plasmas enables the control, study, and exploitation of nanoscale shock phenomena with tabletop-scale lasers.
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