热环境中宽共振态和夸克胶子袋的非光滑化学冻结和表观宽度
Non-smooth Chemical Freeze-out and Apparent Width of Wide Resonances and Quark Gluon Bags in a Thermal Environment
摘要：
本文发展了具有高斯宽度的强子共振气体模型。这个模型使我们能够把通常的强子和夸克胶子袋在同一个立足点，并研究在不同配方的强子共振气体模型的结果的稳定性。在这项工作中，我们进行了一个成功的拟合111个独立的强子多重比测量$\sqrt{s_{NN}} $ = 2.7- 200 GeV。我们证明，在一个狭窄的碰撞能量范围$\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 4.3-4.9 GeV存在着特殊的不规则性，在化学冻结发现的各种热力学量。最显着的不规则性是在这个狭窄的能量范围内观察到的有效自由度数量的前所未有的跳跃，这在强子共振气体模型的所有现实版本中都可以看到。因此，发展的概念被称为非光滑化学冻出。我们认为这些不规则性是夸克胶子袋可能形成的证据。为了研究它们形成的其他可能信号，我们研究了热环境中宽强子共振和夸克胶子袋的表观宽度。本文讨论了热介质对宽共振和夸克胶子袋产生的两种新效应：近阈值热共振增强和近阈值热共振锐化。基于这些新的效应，我们认为，最乐观的机会发现实验夸克胶子袋可能与他们的锐化和增强在热介质。在这种情况下，宽夸克胶子袋可能直接出现或在衰变中出现为窄共振，这种窄共振在基本粒子表中是不存在的，其表观宽度约为50-120 MeV，质量约为或大于2.5 GeV。
英文摘要：
Here we develop the hadron resonance gas model with the Gaussian width of hadron resonances. This model allows us to treat the usual hadrons and the quark gluon bags on the same footing and to study the stability of the results obtained within different formulations of the hadron resonance gas model. In this work we perform a successful fit of 111 independent hadronic multiplicity ratios measured for $\sqrt{s_{NN}} $= 2.7- 200 GeV. We demonstrate that in a narrow range of collision energy $\sqrt{s_{NN}} =$ 4.3-4.9 GeV there exist peculiar irregularities in various thermodynamic quantities found at chemical freeze-out. The most remarkable irregularity is an unprecedented jump of the number of effective degrees of freedom observed in this narrow energy range which is seen in all realistic versions of the hadron resonance gas model. Therefore, the developed concept is called the non-smooth chemical freeze-out. We are arguing that these irregularities evidence for the possible formation of quark gluon bags. In order to develop other possible signals of their formation here we study the apparent width of wide hadronic resonances and quark gluon bags in a thermal environment. Two new effects generated for the wide resonances and quark gluon bags by a thermal medium are discussed here: the near threshold thermal resonance enhancement and the near threshold thermal resonance sharpening. On the basis of the new effects we argue that the most optimistic chance to find experimentally the quark gluon bags may be related to their sharpening and enhancement in a thermal medium. In this case the wide quark gluon bags may appear directly or in decays as narrow resonances that are absent in the tables of elementary particles and that have the apparent width about 50-120 MeV and the mass about or above 2.5 GeV.
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