含时电场中带电标量玻色子的真空对产生
Vacuum pair production of charged scalar bosons in time-dependent electric fields
摘要：
基于量子力学散射模型，将真空中正负电子对产生中的动力学辅助效应和多缝干涉效应推广到带电标量玻色子的真空对产生中.对于前一种效应，研究了强但缓慢变化的电场和弱但快速变化的具有不同时间延迟的电场的一些组合。结果表明，随着时间延迟的增加，动量谱的振荡强度和产生的玻色子数密度减小。显然，如果时间延迟等于零，它们达到最大值。对于后一种效应，它表明，这种效应不存在于等符号$N$脉冲电场相反，它存在于交替符号$N$脉冲。在变号$N$脉冲电场中，得到了玻色子动量谱的近似解，与精确数值解符合得很好，特别是对于$2$脉冲场和小纵动量情况。从纵向动量谱的角度比较了玻色子和费米子真空对产生的差异。
英文摘要：
Based on the quantum mechanical scattering model, the dynamical assist effect and the multiple-slit interference effect in electron-positron pair production from vacuum are generalized to vacuum pair production of charged scalar bosons. For the former effect some combinations of a strong but slowly varying electric field and a weak but rapidly varying one with different time delay are studied. Results indicate that the oscillation intensity of momentum spectrum and the number density of created bosons reduce with increasing of the time delay. Obviously, they achieve the maximum if the time delay equals zero. For the latter effect, it is shown that this effect does not exist for equal-sign $N$-pulse electric field in contrast to its existence for alternating-sign $N$-pulse. An approximate solution of boson momentum spectrum is got and it is agreeable well with the exact numerical one in alternating-sign $N$-pulse electric field, especially for $2$-pulse field and for small longitudinal momentum. The difference of vacuum pair production between bosons and fermions are also compared for their longitudinal momentum spectra.
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