已知最年轻的X射线双星：Circinus X-1及其诞生超新星遗迹
The Youngest Known X-ray Binary: Circinus X-1 and its Natal Supernova Remnant
摘要：
由于超新星遗迹的寿命很短，因此对超新星遗迹中中子星X射线双星的研究可以探索吸积中子星生命的最早阶段。然而，这样的物体非常罕见：我们的银河系中没有已知的存在。我们报告了发现的出生超新星遗迹的吸积中子星Circinus X-1，这地方的上限t <4600年的年龄，使其成为最年轻的已知X射线联星和一个独特的工具，研究吸积，中子星的演变，和核心坍缩超新星。这一发现是基于2009年钱德拉的一次深层X射线观测和对Circinus X-1的新射电观测。圆规X-1在中子星表面产生I型X射线爆发，表明中子星的磁场很小。因此，年轻的年龄意味着中子星可以在出生时具有低磁场，或者它们可以通过吸积迅速去磁化。Circinus X-1是一个微类星体，产生相对论性喷流，被认为是源周围弧分尺度射电星云的动力。相反，这个星云现在可以归因于超新星遗迹前向激波的非热同步辐射。年轻的年龄与观测到的快速轨道演化和该系统的高度偏心轨道相一致，并首次提供了详细测试X射线双星中超新星后轨道演化物理学的机会。
英文摘要：
Because supernova remnants are short lived, studies of neutron star X-ray binaries within supernova remnants probe the earliest stages in the life of accreting neutron stars. However, such objects are exceedingly rare: none were known to exist in our Galaxy. We report the discovery of the natal supernova remnant of the accreting neutron star Circinus X-1, which places an upper limit of t < 4, 600 years on its age, making it the youngest known X-ray binary and a unique tool to study accretion, neutron star evolution, and core collapse supernovae. This discovery is based on a deep 2009 Chandra X-ray observation and new radio observations of Circinus X-1. Circinus X-1 produces type I X-ray bursts on the surface of the neutron star, indicating that the magnetic field of the neutron star is small. Thus, the young age implies either that neutron stars can be born with low magnetic fields or that they can rapidly become de-magnetized by accretion. Circinus X-1 is a microquasar, creating relativistic jets which were thought to power the arcminute scale radio nebula surrounding the source. Instead, this nebula can now be attributed to non-thermal synchrotron emission from the forward shock of the supernova remnant. The young age is consistent with the observed rapid orbital evolution and the highly eccentric orbit of the system and offers the chance to test the physics of post-supernova orbital evolution in X-ray binaries in detail for the first time.
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