用等压比差和等标度法研究124，136和112，124 Sn碰撞源的化学性质
Chemical Property of Colliding Sources in 124,136Xe and 112,124Sn Induced Collisions in Isobaric Ratio Difference and Isoscaling Methods
摘要：
用等标度和等压比差（IBD）方法研究了1GeV的$A$ $^{124}$ Sn + $^{124}$ Sn、$^{112}$ Sn + $^{112}$ Sn、$^{136}$ Sn + Pb和$^{124}$ Sn + Pb反应中的$Δμ/T$（$Δμ$为中子和质子的化学势之差，$T$为温度）.研究了$^{124}$ Sn/ $^{112}$ Sn反应对和$^{136}$ Sn/ $^{124}$ Sn反应对中的等标度现象，得到了等标度参数$α$和$β$.比较了用等标度法（IS-- $Δμ/T$）和IBD法（IB-- $Δμ/T$）测定Sn和Sn反应的$Δμ/T$。结果表明，在大多数碎片中，IS--和IB-- $Δμ/T$在Sn反应中是一致的，而IS--和IB-- $Δμ/T$在Sn反应中只在中子丰度较低的碎片中是相似的。本文还讨论了IB- $Δμ/T$中的壳效应。
英文摘要：
The isoscaling and isobaric ratio difference (IBD) methods are used to study the $Δμ/T$ ($Δμ$ being the difference between the chemical potentials of neutron and proton, and $T$ being the temperature) in the measured 1$A$ GeV $^{124}$Sn + $^{124}$Sn, $^{112}$Sn + $^{112}$Sn, $^{136}$Xe + Pb and $^{124}$Xe + Pb reactions. The isoscaling phenomena in the $^{124}$Sn/$^{112}$Sn and the $^{136}$Xe/$^{124}$Xe reactions pairs are investigated, and the isoscaling parameter $α$ and $β$ are obtained. The $Δμ/T$ determined by the isoscaling method (IS--$Δμ/T$) and IBD method (IB--$Δμ/T$) in the measured Sn and Xe reactions are compared. It is shown that in most of fragments, the IS-- and IB-- $Δμ/T$ are consistent in the Xe reactions, while the IS-- and IB-- $Δμ/T$ are only similar in the less neutron-rich fragments in the Sn reactions. The shell effects in IB--$Δμ/T$ are also discussed.
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