利用球形聚合物模拟走廊内逆流行人动力学
Simulation of counter flow pedestrian dynamics in hallways using spheropolygons
摘要：
我们开发了一种方法来模拟行人动态在一个大的，密集的人群。我们的数值模型从牛顿第二定律计算行人运动，考虑到粘弹性接触力，接触摩擦力和地面反作用力。在我们的计算机模拟中，非球形形状（球形多面体）模拟了行人身体包装排列中胸部和手臂的位置，基于使用美国国家医学图书馆数据的横截面轮廓。动力矩被认为是完全从行人朝向他们的首选目的地的方向产生的。目的是深入了解西班牙马德里竞技场馆发生的悲惨事件，五名女孩被压死。这起事件发生在2012年的一次万圣节庆祝活动上，地点是一条长长的、拥挤的走廊，同时用作入口和出口。我们的模拟重建了走廊堵塞的机制。还调查了假设的全面撤离令的情况。结果突出了行人密度的重要性和雪崩和堵塞的发病逆流的影响，并提供了定性的措施的基础上计算的行人之间的接触力网络的伤害的数量。
英文摘要：
We developed a method for simulating pedestrian dynamics in a large, dense crowd. Our numerical model calculates pedestrian motion from Newton second laws, taking into account visco-elastic contact forces, contact friction, and ground reaction forces. In our computer simulation, non-spherical shapes (spheropolygons) modelled the positions of the chest and arms in the packing arrangement of pedestrian bodies, based on a cross-sectional profile using data from the US National Library of Medicine. Motive torque was taken to arise solely from the pedestrians orientation toward their preferred destination. The objective was to gain insight into a tragic incident at the Madrid Arena Pavilion in Spain, where five girls were crushed to death. The incident took place at a Halloween Celebration in 2012, in a long, densely crowded hallway used as entrance and exit at the same time. Our simulations reconstruct the mechanics of clogging in the hallway. The hypothetical case of a total evacuation order was also investigated. The result highlights the importance of the pedestrians density and the effect of counter flow in the onset of avalanches and clogging, and provides qualitative measures of the number of injuries based on a calculation of the contact force network between the pedestrians.
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