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arXiv 1310.2149quant-ph
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Leggett-Garg不等式与非侵入可测性

The Leggett-Garg Inequalities and Non-Invasive Measurability

JM Yearsley

摘要:

Leggett-Garg不等式是经典系统服从但在量子理论中不服从的一组不等式。它们的违背被认为是量子理论缺乏“实在”表述的证据。然而,除了现实主义外,Leggett-Garg不等式的推导还依赖于另一个更模糊的“非侵入性可测量性”假设。这一假设的重要性以及对违反Leggett-Garg不等式的解释的后果一直在激烈辩论。在本文中,我们提出了一个教学介绍的问题,集中在非侵入性测量的意义。我们给出了一个简单的推导Leggett-Garg不等式特别注意在哪里和何时使用的两个假设,我们给出了一个现实主义的例子,但不是非侵入性的可测量的隐藏变量理论,违反了他们。我们还讨论了最近的尝试,通过所谓的“不可检测的测量”,实验性地实现非侵入性测量,我们表明,即使是不可检测的测量不一定是非侵入性的。

英文摘要:

The Leggett-Garg inequalities are a set of inequalities obeyed by classical systems but violated in quantum theory. Their violation has been taken as evidence that quantum theory lacks a `realistic' formulation. However in addition to realism the derivation of the Leggett-Garg inequalities relies on another, more obscure assumption of `non-invasive measurability.' The significance of this assumption and the consequences for the interpretation of violations of the Leggett-Garg inequalities have been hotly debated. In this paper we present a pedagogical introduction to the issues, focussing on the significance of non-invasive measurability. We give a simple derivation of the Leggett-Garg inequalities paying particular attention to where and when the two assumptions are used, and we give an example of a realist but not non-invasively measurable hidden variable theory which violates them. We also discuss recent attempts to experimentally implement non-invasive measurements via so called `undetectable measurements' and we show that even undetectable measurements are not necessarily non-invasive.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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