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arXiv 1310.0907astro-ph.EP
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柯伊伯带高倾角种群的研究-- 1.普卢蒂诺家族

A study of the high-inclination population in the Kuiper belt -- 1. The Plutinos

Jian Li, Li-Yong Zhou, Yi-Sui Sun

摘要:

系统地研究了高倾角冥王星的动力学。本文首先介绍了倾斜轨道2:3海王星平均运动共振(NMMR)的特殊性质,特别是共振振幅A_σ与倾角i的关系。利用对太阳系年龄的数值积分,在半长轴平面上绘制了不同偏心率下2:3核磁共振的动力学结构。我们证明了稳定共振轨道的i可以高达90 °,稳定区域大致被A_σ = 120 °的轮廓所包围。这些新的发现使我们能够在行星迁移模型的框架下进一步探索2:3 NMMR捕获和保留初始倾角i 0 =< 90度的星子。我们发现,对于任何倾斜甚至垂直的轨道,冥王星的向外输运都是可能的。本文着重讨论了在海王星迁移过程中,i_0在冥王星形成中的作用,并得到了一些有趣的结果:(1)2:3 NMMR的俘获效率随i_0的增大而急剧下降,但当i_0超过~ 50度时,俘获效率反而上升;(2)对于任何i ~ 0,i变化的幅度都被限制在5度以内,而且对于i > 48度的冥王星,(3)2:3的NMMR阻止了倾角的增加,因此,i > 48 °的冥王星肯定不属于Kozai机制,(4)7:11的倾角型NMMR可能是近圆形冥王星形成的原因,而引起这一机制的最小i值为0 ~ 15 °。

英文摘要:

The dynamics of the high-inclination Plutinos is systematically studied. We first present the peculiar features of the 2:3 Neptune mean motion resonance (NMMR) for inclined orbits, especially for the correlation of resonant amplitude A_σ with inclination i. Using the numerical integrations for the age of the Solar system, the dynamical structure of the 2:3 NMMR is mapped out on the plane of semi-major axis versus i for different eccentricities. We have shown that i of stable resonant orbits could be as high as 90 deg; and the stable region is roughly surrounded by the contours of A_σ = 120 deg. These new findings allow us to further explore the 2:3 NMMR capture and retention of planetesimals with initial inclinations i0 =< 90 deg in the frame of the planet migration model. We find that the outward transportation of Plutinos is possible for any inclined or even perpendicular orbits. The role of i0 in the formation of Plutinos during Neptune's migration is highlighted and interesting results are obtained: (1) The capture efficiency of the 2:3 NMMR decreases drastically first with the increase of i0, but it then raises instead when i0 exceeds ~ 50 deg; (2) The magnitude of i-variation is limited to less than 5 deg for any i0, and moreover, for Plutinos with i > 48 deg, their i are forced to decrease throughout the outward migration; (3) Plutinos with i > 48 deg are certainly outside the Kozai mechanism, since an inclination increase is prohibited by the migrating 2:3 NMMR; (4) The 7:11 inclination-type NMMR could be responsible for nearly-circular Plutinos, and a minimum i0 ~ 15 deg is required to intrigue this mechanism.

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