SPICA光谱宇宙学巡天揭示星系演化
SPICA spectroscopic cosmological surveys to unravel galaxy evolution
摘要：
星系的主要能量产生机制是黑洞吸积和恒星形成，这些过程的相互作用推动着星系的演化。MIR/FIR光谱能够区分BH吸积和SF，正如过去红外空间天文台和斯皮策的红外光谱所显示的那样。Spitzer和Herschel光谱学可以一起追踪星系中的活动星系核和SF成分，并且几乎只在本地宇宙中有消光自由线，除了一些遥远的物体。星系演化研究的主要目标之一是了解星系光度源在宇宙时间中的历史。这一目标可以通过远红外光谱宇宙学巡天来实现。SPICA与地面大型单碟亚毫米望远镜（如CCAT）相结合，将提供一个独特的机会。我们使用星系演化模型与所观察到的MIR-FIR计数（包括赫歇尔）来预测源的数量和它们的红外线通量，来自本地星系的观测。在0.5平方度的区域内进行浅层调查，每次指向的典型积分时间为1小时，将能够使用SPICA上的远红外光谱仪SAFARI在至少三条发射线上探测到数千个星系。
英文摘要：
The main energy-generating mechanisms in galaxies are black hole (BH) accretion and star formation (SF) and the interplay of these processes is driving the evolution of galaxies. MIR/FIR spectroscopy are able to distinguish between BH accretion and SF, as it was shown in the past by infrared spectroscopy from the space by the Infrared Space Observatory and Spitzer. Spitzer and Herschel spectroscopy together can trace the AGN and the SF components in galaxies, with extinction free lines, almost only in the local Universe, except for a few distant objects. One of the major goals of the study of galaxy evolution is to understand the history of the luminosity source of galaxies along cosmic time. This goal can be achieved with far-IR spectroscopic cosmological surveys. SPICA in combination with ground based large single dish submillimeter telescopes, such as CCAT, will offer a unique opportunity to do this. We use galaxy evolution models linked to the observed MIR-FIR counts (including Herschel) to predict the number of sources and their IR lines fluxes, as derived from observations of local galaxies. A shallow survey in an area of 0.5 square degrees, with a typical integration time of 1 hour per pointing, will be able to detect thousands of galaxies in at least three emission lines, using SAFARI, the far-IR spectrometer onboard of SPICA.
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