In our study of the timing properties of few Galactic black hole candidates evolutions of the low and intermediate frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (LIFQPOs) are observed. In 2005, for explaining evolution of QPO frequency during rising phase of 2005 GRO J1655-40 outburst, Chakrabarti and his students introduced a new model, namely propagating oscillatory shock (POS) model. Here we present the results obtained from the same POS model fitted QPO evolutions during both the rising and declining phases of the outbursts of 2005 GRO J165540, 2010-11 GX 339-4, and 2010 & 2011 H 1743-322.
Context. The black hole candidate GX 339-4 exhibited an X-ray outburst in January 2010, which is still continuing. We here discuss the timing and the spectral properties of the outburst using RXTE data. Aims. Our goal is to study the timing and spectral properties of GX 339-4 using its recent outburst data and extract information about the nature of the accretion flow. Methods. We use RXTE archival data of the recent GX 339-4 outburst and analyze them with the NASA HEAsoft package, version 6.8. We then compare the observed quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequencies with those from existing s…
The Galactic black hole candidate (BHC) H~1743-322 recently exhibited two outbursts in X-rays in August 2010 & April 2011. The nature (outburst profile, evolution of quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency and spectral states, etc.) of these two successive outbursts, which continued for around two months each, are very similar. We present the results obtained from a comparative study on the temporal and the spectral properties of the source during these two outbursts. The evolutions of QPOs observed in both the outbursts were well fitted with propagating oscillatory shock (POS) model. Durin…
We study the X-ray emission of the microquasar XTE J1550-564 and analyze the properties of its light curves using the recurrence analysis method. The indicators for non-linear dynamics of the accretion flow are found in the very high state and soft state of this source. The significance of deterministic variability depends on the energy band. We discuss the non-linear dynamics of the accretion flow in the context of the disc-corona geometry and propagating oscillations in the accretion flow.
The Galactic black hole candidate H~1743-322 exhibited two X-ray outbursts in rapid succession: one in August 2010 and the other in April 2011. We analyze archival data of this object from the PCA instrument on board RXTE (2-25 keV energy band) to study the evolution of its temporal and spectral characteristics during both the outbursts, and hence to understand the behavioral change of the accretion flow dynamics associated with the evolution of the various X-ray features. We study the evolution of QPO frequencies during the rising and the declining phases of both the outbursts. We successfull…
We re-investigated the `spectro-temporal' behaviour of the source XTE J1859+226 in X-rays during its outburst phase in 1999, by analysing the RXTE PCA/HEXTE data in 2 - 150 keV spectral band. Detailed analysis shows that although the evolution pattern of the outburst followed the typical q-shaped profile, an absence of `canonical' soft state and a weak presence of `secondary' emission are observed. The broad-band spectra, modeled with high energy cutoff, shows that the fold-energy increases monotonically in the hard and hard-intermediate states followed by a random variation in the soft-interm…
The Galactic black-hole candidate GX 339-4 exhibited several outbursts at regular intervals of \sim 2-3 years in the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) era. After remaining in an almost quiescent state for 3 years, it again became X-ray active in 2010 January, continuing to be so over the next \sim 14 months. We study the timing and spectral properties of the black hole candidate (BHC) during its recent outburst using RXTE PCA data, starting from 2010 January 12 to 2011 March 6. Our study provides a comprehensive understanding of the mass accretion processes and properties of the accretion dis…
We derive accretion flow properties of the transient black hole candidate (BHC) MAXI~J1543-564 using the RXTE data. We use Two-Component Advective Flow (TCAF) solution to fit the data of the very initial rising phase of outburst (from 2011 May 10 to 2011 May 15). $2.5-25$~keV spectra are fitted using the TCAF solution {\it fits} file as a local additive table model in XSPEC. We extract physical flow parameters such as the two component (Keplerian disk and sub-Keplerian halo) accretion rates and size and the property of the Compton cloud (post shock region close to a black hole). Similar to oth…
We show for five DN systems, SS Cyg, VW Hyi, RU Peg, WW Cet and T Leo that the UV and X-ray power spectra of their time variable light curves are similar in quiescence. All of them show a break in their power spectra, which in the framework of the model of propagating fluctuations indicates inner disk truncation. We derive the inner disk radii for these systems in a range (10-3)$\times10^{9}$ cm. We analyze the RXTE data of SS Cyg in outburst and compare it with the power spectra, obtained during the period of quiescence. We show that during the outburst the disk moves towards the white dwarf …
In outburst sources, quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) frequency is known to evolve in a certain way: in the rising phase, it monotonically goes up till a soft intermediate state is achieved. In the propagating oscillatory shock model, oscillation of the Compton cloud is thought to cause QPOs. Thus, in order to increase QPO frequency, Compton cloud must collapse steadily in the rising phase. In decline phases, exactly opposite should be true. We investigate cause of this evolution of the Compton cloud. The same viscosity parameter which increases the Keplerian disk rate, also moves the inner ed…
We present the theoretical background and detailed equations for the synchrotron emission of a shock wave propagating in a relativistic jet. We then show how the evolution of an outburst in this shock-in-jet scenario can be analytically described and parameterized to be fitted to multi-frequency lightcurves of galactic and extragalactic sources. This is done here for the first time with a completely physical description of the jet and the shocked gas, while previous studies used a more phenomenological approach based on the observed properties of the outbursts. Another interesting addition to …
Evolution of Time-Lags of Swift J1727.8-1613 during the Rising Phase of Its Discovery Outburst
Indian Center for Space Physics（印度空间物理中心）；Institute of Astronomy, National Tsing Hua University（国立清华大学天文研究所）；Institute of Astronomy Space and Earth Science（天文、太空与地球科学研究所）；Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University（国立清华大学物理系）
We present the results of optical (R band) photometric and polarimetric monitoring and Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) imaging of the blazar S5 0716+714 along with Fermi gamma-ray data during a multi-waveband outburst in 2011 October. We analyze total and polarized intensity images of the blazar obtained with the VLBA at 43 GHz during and after the outburst. Monotonic rotation of the linear polarization vector at a rate of >50 degrees per night coincided with a sharp maximum in gamma-ray and optical flux. At the same time, within the uncertainties, a new superluminal knot appeared, with an app…
Timing properties of black hole X-ray binaries in outburst can be modeled with mass accretion rate fluctuations propagating towards the black hole. Such models predict time lags between energy bands due to propagation delays. First application of a propagating fluctuations model to black hole power spectra showed good agreement with the data. Indeed, hard lags observed from these systems appear to be in agreement with this generic prediction. Our PROPFLUC code allows to simultaneously predict power spectra, time lags, and coherence of the variability as a function of energy. This was successfu…
We present a spectral and timing analysis of the black hole candidate MAXI J1543-564 during its 2011 outburst. As shown in previous work, the source follows the standard evolution of a black hole outburst. During the rising phase of the outburst we detect an abrupt change in timing behavior associated with the occurrence of a type-B quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO). This QPO and the simultaneously detected radio emission mark the transition between hard and soft intermediate state. We fit power spectra from the rising phase of the outburst using the recently proposed model propfluc. This assum…
Due to its powerful radiation over the entire electromagnetic spectrum and its radio jet activity, the blazar 3C273 offers the opportunity to study the physics of $γ$-ray emission from active galactic nuclei. Since a historically strong outburst in 2009, 3C273 showed relatively weak emission in the gamma-ray band over multiple years. However, recent Fermi-Large Area Telescope observations indicate elevated activity during 2015-2019. We aim at constraining the origin of the gamma-ray outbursts towards 3C273 and investigate their connection to the parsec-scale jet. We generate Fermi-LAT gamma-ra…
In the propagating oscillatory shock model, the oscillation of the post-shock region, i.e., the Compton cloud, causes the observed low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). The evolution of QPO frequency is explained by the systematic variation of the Compton cloud size, i.e., the steady radial movement of the shock front, which is triggered by the cooling of the post-shock region. Thus, analysis of energy-dependent temporal properties in different variability time scales can diagnose the dynamics and geometry of accretion flows around black holes. We study these properties for the hig…
Multimission Observations of GS 1354-64 during the 2025-2026 Outburst: First Results
National Tsing Hua University（国立清华大学）；Institute of Astronomy Space and Earth Science, P 177, CIT Road, Scheme 7m, Kolkata 700054, India（印度加尔各答CIT路7号方案P 177天文学、空间与地球科学研究所）；U R Rao Satellite Centre（U R Rao卫星中心）
In the Eye of the Storm: The Third Giant X-ray Outburst of the Extreme Changing-look AGN IC 3599
Northern Kentucky University（北肯塔基大学）；Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie（马克斯·普朗克射电天文研究所）；University of California, Berkeley（加州大学伯克利分校）；Universidad Complutense de Madrid（马德里康普顿斯大学）
Dynamic disk-corona coupling during the state transition of Swift J1727.8-1613
Wuhan University（武汉大学）；Nanjing University（南京大学）；Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)（中国科学院上海天文台）；Nicolaus Copernicus Astronomical Center, Polish Academy of Sciences（波兰科学院尼古拉·哥白尼天文学中心）
The Galactic transient black hole candidate (BHC) MAXI~J1659-152 exhibited temporal and spectral evolution during its very first X-ray outburst (2010) after its discovery on 25th Sept. 2010. Our recent studies of a few transient BHCs including MAXI~J1659-152 using Chakrabarti-Titarchuk two-component advective flow (TCAF) solution as an additive table local model in XSPEC revealed details of accretion flow dynamics around the black hole (BH). The TCAF model fitted normalization (N) comes out to be almost constant throughout the entire outburst consisting of several spectral states. We introduce…
We present simultaneous X-ray and radio observations of the black hole X-ray binary V404 Cygni at the end of its 2015 outburst. From 2015 July 11-August 5 we monitored V404 Cygni with Chandra, Swift, and NuSTAR in the X-ray, and with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array and the Very Long Baseline Array in the radio, spanning a range of luminosities that were poorly covered during its previous outburst in 1989 (our 2015 campaign covers 2e33<Lx<1e34 erg/s). During our 2015 campaign, the X-ray spectrum evolved rapidly from a hard photon index of Gamma~1.6 (at Lx~1e34 erg/s) to a softer Gamma~2 (at…
We present centimeter-band total flux density and linear polarization light curves illustrating the signature of shocks during radio band outbursts associated in time with gamma-ray flares detected by the Fermi LAT. The general characteristics of the spectral evolution during these events is well-explained by new radiative transfer simulations incorporating propagating oblique shocks and assuming an initially turbulent magnetic field. This finding supports the idea that oblique shocks in the jet are a viable explanation for activity from the radio to the gamma-ray band in at least some gamma-r…
We have monitored the BL Lacertae object S5 0716+714 in the optical bands during 2012 January and February with long time spans on intraday timescales ($>$5 hr) and high time resolutions. During this monitoring period, the object shows violent flaring activity both in short and intraday timescales. The object has high value of duty cycle. The light curves detected as intraday variability (IDV) show variability of various shapes. The variability amplitude is from 12.81 per cent to 33.22 per cent, and the average value $19.92\pm5.87$ per cent. The overall magnitude variabilities are $\bigtriangl…
Various radio galaxies show signs of having gone through episodic jet outbursts in the past. An example is the class of double-double radio galaxies (DDRGs). However, to follow the evolution of an individual source in real-time is impossible due to the large time scales involved. Numerical studies provide a powerful tool to investigate the temporal behavior of episodic jet outbursts in a (magneto-)hydrodynamical setting. We simulate the injection of two jets from active galactic nuclei (AGN), separated by a short interruption time. Three different jet models are compared. We find that an AGN j…
Black hole accretion flows show rapid X-ray variability. The Power Spectral Density (PSD) of this is typically fit by a phenomenological model of multiple Lorentzians for both the broad band noise and Quasi-Periodic Oscillations (QPOs). Our previous paper (Ingram & Done 2011) developed the first physical model for the PSD and fit this to observational data. This was based on the same truncated disc/hot inner flow geometry which can explain the correlated properties of the energy spectra. This assumes that the broad band noise is from propagating fluctuations in mass accretion rate within the h…
To investigate parsec-scale jet flow conditions during GeV gamma-ray flares detected by the Fermi Large Angle Telescope, we obtained centimeter-band total flux density and linear polarization monitoring observations from 2009.5 through 2012.5 with the 26-meter Michigan radio telescope for a sample of core-dominated blazars. We use these data to constrain radiative transfer simulations incorporating propagating shocks oriented at an arbitrary angle to the flow direction in order to set limits on the jet flow and shock parameters during flares temporally associated with gamma-ray flares in 0420-…
We present simultaneous radio through sub-mm observations of the black hole X-ray binary (BHXB) V404 Cygni during the most active phase of its June 2015 outburst. Our $4$ hour long set of overlapping observations with the Very Large Array, the Sub-millimeter Array, and the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (SCUBA-2), covers 8 different frequency bands (including the first detection of a BHXB jet at $666 \,{\rm GHz}/450μm$), providing an unprecedented multi-frequency view of the extraordinary flaring activity seen during this period of the outburst. In particular, we detect multiple rapidly evolvin…
