用SPME-GCMS分析多头绒泡菌原质团和孢子囊顶空挥发物
Analysis of the volatiles in the headspace above the plasmodium and sporangia of the slime mould (Physarum polycephalum) by SPME-GCMS
摘要：
采用固相微萃取（SPME）-气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用技术对多头绒泡菌原质团和产孢期顶空中的挥发性物质进行了提取和分析。从广泛的化学类别中总共鉴定出115种化合物。虽然在使用75 ℃的较高孵育温度时鉴定出更多（87种）挥发性有机化合物（VOC），但在30 ℃的较低提取温度和疟原虫阶段的生存条件下仍鉴定出大量化合物（79种）。在两种提取温度下孢子形成后提取的化合物少得多。在原质团阶段和孢子形成后鉴定的VOCs之间存在一些显著差异。特别是含氮化合物乙腈，吡咯，2，5-二甲基-吡嗪和三甲基吡嗪似乎与孢子形成阶段。有许多化合物主要与原质团阶段有关，包括一些呋喃和烷烃。有趣的是，鉴定了许多已知的真菌代谢物，包括1-辛烯-3-醇、3-辛酮、1-辛烯-3-酮、3-辛醇。此外，在顶空中还发现了蓝细菌和放线菌的已知代谢物，特别是土臭素。还鉴定了先前被鉴定为对多头绒泡菌的原质团阶段具有阳性趋化反应的挥发性代谢物，包括β-法呢烯、β-月桂烯、柠檬烯和3-辛酮。本研究首次对多头绒泡菌的顶空挥发物进行了全面的分析。需要进一步开展工作，以了解所确定的挥发物的来源和功能。
英文摘要：
Solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) coupled with Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to extract and analyse the volatiles in the headspace above the plasmodial and sporulating stages of the slime mould Physarum Polycephalum. In total 115 compounds were identified from across a broad range of chemical classes. Although more (87) volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified when using a higher incubation temperature of 75oC, a large number of compounds (79) were still identified at the lower extraction temperature of 30oC and where the plasmodial stage was living. Far fewer compounds were extracted after sporulation at the two extraction temperatures. There were some marked differences between the VOCs identified in the plasmodial stage and after sporulation. In particular the nitrogen containing compounds acetonitrile, pyrrole, 2, 5-dimethyl-pyrazine and trimethyl pyrazine seemed to be associated with the sporulating stage. There were many compounds associated predominantly with the plasmodial stage including a number of furans and alkanes. Interestingly, a number of known fungal metabolites were identified including 1-octen-3-ol, 3-octanone, 1-octen-3-one, 3-octanol. In addition known metabolites of cyanobacteria and actinobacteria in particular geosmin was identified in the headspace. Volatile metabolites that had previously been identified as having a positive chemotactic response to the plasmodial stage of P. polycephalum were also identified including β-farnesene, β-myrcene, limonene and 3-octanone. This study constitutes the first comprehensive analysis of the headspace volatiles emitted from Physarum Polycephalum. Further work to understand the origin and function of the volatiles identified is required.
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