固体$α-^{15}$ N $_{2}$作为新的超冷中子源的研究
Investigating solid $α-^{15}$N$_{2}$ as a new source of ultra-cold neutrons
摘要：
固体$^{15}$ N $_{2}$在$α$相中的动力学结构因子（$T<35$ K）在劳厄朗之万研究所的IN 4飞行时间光谱仪上测量，并评估这种物质作为UCN转换器的潜在性能。下散射中子到超冷中子能量的截面被确定为入射能量的函数，以及上散射平均自由程。UCN产生截面被发现约为氘的20%。然而，具有能量181 neV的UCN在$T=5.9$ K处具有46 cm的上散射平均自由程，其比氘大$\sim20$倍。因此，如果可以获得足够的同位素纯度，则大体积的$α-^{15}$ N $_{2}$源可以产生改进的UCN密度。
英文摘要：
The dynamical structure factor of solid $^{15}$N$_{2}$ in the $α$ phase ($T<35$K) is measured at the IN4 time-of-flight spectrometer at the Institut Laue Langevin, and the potential performance of this substance as a UCN converter is assessed. The cross-section to down-scatter neutrons to ultra-cold neutron energies is determined as a function of incident energy, as well as the up-scattering mean free path. The UCN production cross-section is found to be approximately 20% of that of deuterium. However, UCN with energy 181 neV have an up-scattering mean free path of 46 cm at $T=5.9$ K, which is $\sim20$ times larger than deuterium. Therefore, a large volume $α-^{15}$N$_{2}$ source may produce an improved UCN density if sufficient isotopic purity can be achieved.
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