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arXiv 1306.5064astro-ph.CO
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宇宙学参数估计中功率谱的似然性

Likelihood of the Power Spectrum in Cosmological Parameter Estimation

L. Sun, Q. Wang, H. Zhan

摘要:

似然函数是参数估计的关键要素。在分析星系过密度和弱透镜剪切时,人们经常用高斯分布来近似功率谱的可能性。从这种可能性得出的后验概率与任何调查所探测的最大尺度上的确切后验概率有很大的偏差,其中中心极限定理不适用。我们发现,各种形式的高斯似然性可以有显着的影响,从星系角功率谱的原始非高斯参数f_NL的估计。高斯加对数正态似然比高斯似然有更好的性能,并已成功地应用于宇宙微波背景的分析。然而,即使使用功率谱的精确似然,估计的参数仍然可能有偏差。因此,需要彻底检查可能性和估计量,以确定潜在的系统误差。

英文摘要:

The likelihood function is a crucial element of parameter estimation. In analyses of galaxy overdensities and weak lensing shear, one often approximates the likelihood of the power spectrum with a Gaussian distribution. The posterior probability derived from such a likelihood deviates considerably from the exact posterior on the largest scales probed by any survey, where the central limit theorem does not apply. We show that various forms of Gaussian likelihoods can have a significant impact on the estimation of the primordial non-Gaussianity parameter f_NL from the galaxy angular power spectrum. The Gaussian plus log-normal likelihood, which has been applied successfully in analyses of the cosmic microwave background, outperforms the Gaussian likelihoods. Nevertheless, even if the exact likelihood of the power spectrum is used, the estimated parameters may be still biased. As such, the likelihoods and estimators need to be thoroughly examined for potential systematic errors.

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