作为不稳定状态的假真空：可能的宇宙学意义
False vacuum as an unstable state: possible cosmological implications
摘要：
最近LHC关于希格斯玻色子质量的结果表明，我们宇宙中的真空可能是不稳定的。我们从不稳定态的量子理论的角度分析了不稳定真空态的性质。从文献中可以得知，某些假真空态可以存活到它们的存活概率具有非指数形式的时候。在比过渡时间晚得多的时间，当指数部分和非指数部分对生存概率的贡献相当时，生存概率作为时间的函数$t$具有逆幂形式。我们证明了在这个时间区域，假真空态的瞬时能量趋向于真真空态的能量，如对于$t \to \infty$的$1/t^{2}$。对于给定的模型，还分析了过渡时刻的瞬时能量的性质。它表明，在这个时间区域的瞬时能量发生大而快速的波动。这暗示了宇宙学常数在这些时间区域的类似行为。
英文摘要：
Recent LHC results concerning the mass of the Higgs boson indicate that the vacuum in our Universe may be unstable. We analyze properties of unstable vacuum states from the point of view of the quantum theory of unstable states. From the literature it is known that some of false vacuum states may survive up to times when their survival probability has a non-exponential form. At times much latter than the transition time, when contributions to the survival probability of its exponential and non-exponential parts are comparable, the survival probability as a function of time $t$ has an inverse power-like form. We show that at this time region the instantaneous energy of the false vacuum states tends to the energy of the true vacuum state as $1/t^{2}$ for $t \to \infty$. Properties of the instantaneous energy at transition times are also analyzed for a given model. It is shown that at this time region large and rapid fluctuations of the instantaneous energy take place. This suggests analogous behavior of the cosmological constant at these time regions.
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