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arXiv 1306.3914cs.NI
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用于安全相关场景的非静止车辆信道的时变和频变$K$因子

Time- and Frequency-Varying $K$-Factor of Non-Stationary Vehicular Channels for Safety Relevant Scenarios

Laura Bernadó, Thomas Zemen, Fredrik Tufvesson, Andreas F. Molisch, Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker

摘要:

由于环境的快速变化,车辆通信信道的特征在于非平稳的时间和频率选择性衰落过程。我们通过Rician $K$ -因子来表征车辆间信道中第一延迟单元的包络分布。我们分析了时间-频率的变化,这个信道参数使用车辆信道测量在5.6 GHz的带宽为240 MHz的安全相关的情况下,在智能交通系统(ITS)。该数据能够从IEEE 802.11p系统的角度进行频率变化分析,该系统使用10 MHz信道。我们表明,第一延迟箱的包络的小尺度衰落是莱斯分布与不同的$K$ -因子。后面的延迟仓是瑞利分布的。我们证明了$K$ -因子不能被假设为在时间和频率上是恒定的。这些变化的原因是频率变化的天线辐射模式以及随时间变化的数量的有源散射体,和植被的影响。我们还提出了一个简单但准确的双峰高斯混合模型,它允许捕获的$K$因素的变化,在安全相关的ITS场景的时间。

英文摘要:

Vehicular communication channels are characterized by a non-stationary time- and frequency-selective fading process due to fast changes in the environment. We characterize the distribution of the envelope of the first delay bin in vehicle-to-vehicle channels by means of its Rician $K$-factor. We analyze the time-frequency variability of this channel parameter using vehicular channel measurements at 5.6 GHz with a bandwidth of 240 MHz for safety-relevant scenarios in intelligent transportation systems (ITS). This data enables a frequency-variability analysis from an IEEE 802.11p system point of view, which uses 10 MHz channels. We show that the small-scale fading of the envelope of the first delay bin is Ricean distributed with a varying $K$-factor. The later delay bins are Rayleigh distributed. We demonstrate that the $K$-factor cannot be assumed to be constant in time and frequency. The causes of these variations are the frequency-varying antenna radiation patterns as well as the time-varying number of active scatterers, and the effects of vegetation. We also present a simple but accurate bi-modal Gaussian mixture model, that allows to capture the $K$-factor variability in time for safety-relevant ITS scenarios.

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