科罗拉多州Blue Mesa水库湖鳟鱼、Kokanee鲑鱼、虹鳟〈动物〉<动物>和褐鳟鱼相对重量的季节变化
Seasonal Variations in Relative Weight of Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush), Kokanee Salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), Rainbow Trout (Onocorhynchus mykiss), and Brown Trout (Salmo trutta) in Blue Mesa Reservoir, Colorado
摘要：
Blue Mesa水库是科罗拉多州最大的水体，位于落基山脉的西坡，海拔7520英尺。蓝梅萨水库含有重要的休闲种群湖鳟鱼（红点鲑），kokanee鲑鱼（虹鳟），虹鳟〈动物〉<动物>（Onocorhynchus mykiss）和褐鳟鱼（鲑鱼）。近年来的一个管理挑战是湖鳟数量过多，导致科卡尼鲑鱼（首选食物来源）数量急剧下降，随后湖鳟的身体状况急剧下降。相对重量，Wr，通常用于评估身体状况和猎物的鱼在各种生态系统中的可用性，但其季节性变化还没有很好地记录在冷水物种。相对重量是100倍的鱼的实际重量除以预期重量（或标准重量）的物种在测量的总长度。本研究使用多年，多季节的长度和重量数据提供的科罗拉多州公园和野生动物部量化的季节性变化，平均相对重量在这四个物种。据发现，湖鳟一贯失去显着的身体状况之间的春季和秋季的一年，平均损失相对重量为11.7 +/- 2.4。相比之下，kokanee鲑鱼往往在春季和秋季之间获得显着的身体状况，平均相对重量增加5.2 +/- 2.9。虹鳟〈动物〉<动物>在夏季和秋季之间往往会失去身体状况，平均相对重量损失为7.4 +/- 1.7。褐鳟鱼往往在春季和秋季之间获得身体状况，平均增益为5.6 +/- 1.8。这些发现可以解释的食性，饲料供应，和每个物种的代谢活动。
英文摘要：
Blue Mesa Reservoir is the largest body of water in Colorado and is located on the western slope of the Rocky Mountains at an elevation of 7520 feet. Blue Mesa Reservoir contains recreationally important populations of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush), kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), rainbow trout (Onocorhynchus mykiss), and brown trout (Salmo trutta). A management challenge in recent years has been the overpopulation of lake trout, which has led to a steep decline in abundance of kokanee salmon (a preferred food source) followed by a steep decline in body condition of the lake trout. Relative weight, Wr, is commonly used to assess body condition and prey availability of fish in a variety of ecosystems, but its seasonal variability has not been well documented in cold water species. Relative weight is 100 times the actual weight of a fish divided by expected weight (or standard weight) of that species at the measured total length. The present study uses multi-year, multi-season length and weight data provided by the Colorado Department of Parks and Wildlife to quantify seasonal variations in mean relative weight in these four species. It is found that lake trout consistently lose significant body condition between the spring and the fall of a given year, with a mean loss in relative weight of 11.7 +/- 2.4. In contrast, kokanee salmon tend to gain significant body condition between spring and fall with a mean gain in relative weight of 5.2 +/- 2.9. Rainbow trout tend to lose body condition between summer and fall with a mean loss of relative weight of 7.4 +/- 1.7. Brown trout tend to gain body condition between spring and fall with a mean gain of 5.6 +/- 1.8. These findings can be interpreted in terms of the feeding habits, forage availability, and metabolic activity of each species.
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