濒临崩溃的生产者-寄生虫生态系统的动力学
Dynamics of a producer-parasite ecosystem on the brink of collapse
摘要：
生态系统可能会突然转变为不受欢迎的状态，但最近对简单的单一物种生态系统的研究表明，种群动力学在临界点附近的减缓可以提供预警。然而，目前尚不清楚这种严重减速的影响将如何体现在其组成部分之间具有强烈相互作用的生态系统中。在这里，我们探讨一个实验生产者寄生虫生态系统的动态，因为它接近灾难性的崩溃。令人惊讶的是，随着环境的恶化，生产者的人口规模也在增长，这突出表明人口规模可能是一个误导性的生态系统稳定性指标。通过分析振荡生产者寄生虫动态超过100代在多种环境条件下，我们发现，集体生态系统动态放缓的临界点接近。因此，分析相互作用的人口的耦合动力学可能是必要的，以提供在复杂的社区崩溃的预警。
英文摘要：
Ecosystems can undergo sudden shifts to undesirable states, but recent studies with simple single species ecosystems have demonstrated that advance warning can be provided by the slowing down of population dynamics near a tipping point. However, it is not clear how this effect of critical slowing down will manifest in ecosystems with strong interactions between their components. Here we probe the dynamics of an experimental producer parasite ecosystem as it approaches a catastrophic collapse. Surprisingly, the producer population grows in size as the environment deteriorates, highlighting that population size can be a misleading measure of ecosystem stability. By analyzing the oscillatory producer parasite dynamics for over ~100 generations in multiple environmental conditions, we found that the collective ecosystem dynamics slows down as the tipping point is approached. Analysis of the coupled dynamics of interacting populations may therefore be necessary to provide advance warning of collapse in complex communities.
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