光子无噪声放大的完整表征
A complete characterisation of the heralded noiseless amplification of photons
摘要：
光子的无噪声放大最近被证明是一种克服复杂量子通信任务中损失的方法。特别是，为了克服传输损耗，可以允许违反贝尔不等式的检测漏洞，设备无关的量子密钥分发（DI-QKD）。预言光子放大器的几种实现方式已经被提出，并实现了原理实验的第一个证明。在这里，我们提出了这种设备的第一个完整的特性，以测试其功能限制和DI-QKD的潜力。该装置在电信波长下进行测试，并显示出能够克服与通过单模电信光纤的$20\, \rm km$的传输相对应的损耗。我们展示了具有增益$>100$和预示概率$>83 % $的预示光子放大器，这是使用Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt（CHSH）不等式的DI-QKD协议所要求的。光子放大器显然代表了在现实世界和典型网络距离上实现DI-QKD的关键技术。
英文摘要：
Heralded noiseless amplifcation of photons has recently been shown to provide a means to overcome losses in complex quantum communication tasks. In particular, to overcome transmission losses that could allow for the violation of a Bell inequality free from the detection loophole, for Device Independent Quantum Key Distribution (DI-QKD). Several implementations of a heralded photon amplifier have been proposed and the first proof of principle experiments realised. Here we present the first full characterisation of such a device to test its functional limits and potential for DI-QKD. This device is tested at telecom wavelengths and is shown to be capable of overcoming losses corresponding to a transmission through $20\, \rm km$ of single mode telecom fibre. We demonstrate heralded photon amplifier with a gain $>100$ and a heralding probability $>83 % $, required by DI-QKD protocols that use the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality. The heralded photon amplifier clearly represents a key technology for the realisation of DI-QKD in the real world and over typical network distances.
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